Ukuthelekisa iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kokusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate okanye i-sodium hydroxide ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH kumanzi okutya kwibhoyila.

I-1, ibhoyila yokutyisa amanzi ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH yesizathu

Kule mihla, uninzi lwebhoyila eTshayina zisebenzisa umva weosmosis demineralized amanzi okanye isodiyam ion resin exchange amanzi athambekeleyo, reverse osmosis demineralized water or sodium ion resin exchange exchange soft water pH value is most low and acidic, reverse osmosis demineralized water value pH generally 5-6, sodium ion resin exchange athambe amanzi ixabiso pH jikelele 5.5-7.5, ukuze ukusombulula ukudleka konikezelo lwamanzi acidic kwiibhoyila kunye nemibhobho, Ngokutsho amalungiselelo omgangatho wesizwe BG/T1576-2008, ixabiso pH kwibhoyila ishishini amanzi aphakathi kwe-7-9 kunye nexabiso le-pH yamanzi e-demineralized phakathi kwe-8-9.5, ngoko ke unikezelo lwamanzi kwibhoyila lufuna ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH.

I-2, umgaqo osisiseko wokongeza i-sodium carbonate kwi-boiler feed yamanzi ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH

I-sodium carbonate yaziwa ngokuba yi-soda, i-soda ash, i-soda ash, i-alkali yokuhlamba, ihlelwa njengetyuwa, kungekhona i-alkali, i-chemical formula Na2CO3, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zomgubo omhlophe okanye ityuwa ecocekileyo.Umgaqo osisiseko wokongeza i-sodium carbonate kwibhoyila yamanzi ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH kukusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate ukunyibilika emanzini kwaye ibe yialkaline, enokuthi ithintele i-carbon dioxide emanzini e-acidic feed kunye nokusombulula ukuhlwa kwe-asidi ethambileyo yamanzi okanye ityuwa. amanzi kwibhoyila kunye nombhobho.I-sodium carbonate yi-electrolyte ebuthathaka, inyibilika emanzini ukwenza isisombululo se-buffer ye-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium bicarbonate, kukho ibhalansi ye-electrolytic kwisisombululo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-electrolytic hydroxide, ibhalansi iya kuqhubeka ukuya ngasekunene, ngoko ke i-pH ekhoyo kwi-reaction ayitshintshi kakhulu.

Inkqubo yokuqala ye-hydrolysis yesodium carbonate:

Na2CO3 Sodium carbonate +H2O amanzi = NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate +NaOH sodium hydroxide

Inkqubo ye-hydrolysis yesodium carbonate yesibini:

NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate +H2O amanzi =H2CO3 carbonic acid +NaOH sodium hydroxide

I-sodium carbonate ephambili ye-ion equation ye-hydrolyzed:

(CO3) 2-carbonic acid +H2O amanzi =HCO3- bicarbonate +OH- hydroxide

I-sodium carbonate yesibini i-ion equation ye-hydrolyzed:

IHCO3- bicarbonate +H2O amanzi =H2CO3 carbonic acid +OH-hydroxide

I-3, umgaqo osisiseko wokongeza i-sodium hydroxide kwi-boiler yamanzi ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH

I-sodium hydroxide ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-caustic soda, i-caustic soda, i-caustic soda, idla ngokuba yi-flake emhlophe, i-chemical formula NaOH, i-sodium hydroxide ine-alkaline eyomeleleyo, i-corrosive ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ionization equation yesodium hydroxide: NaOH=Na++OH-

Ukongeza i-sodium hydroxide kumanzi kwibhoyila kunokuzinzisa ifilimu ekhuselayo kumphezulu wesinyithi, iphucule ixabiso le-pH lebhoyila yamanzi kunye namanzi eziko, ukuze kusonjululwe ukubola kwamanzi athambekele e-asidi okanye amanzi adityanisiweyo. kwibhoyila kunye nombhobho, kwaye ukhusele izixhobo zentsimbi ekudlekeni.

4. Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo zokusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate okanye i-sodium hydroxide ukunyenyisa ixabiso le-pH kumanzi okutya kwibhoyila.

I-4.1 Isantya sokunyusa ixabiso le-pH kunye ne-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium hydroxide yamanzi e-boiler feed kunye nexesha lokugcinwa kwesiphumo sokusetyenziswa kuyahluka.

Isantya sokongeza i-sodium carbonate kwibhoyila unikezelo lwamanzi ukwandisa ixabiso le-pH licotha kunesodium hydroxide.Ngenxa yokuba i-sodium carbonate ivelisa isisombululo se-buffer, inokuguquguquka okuncinci kwaye izinzile kwaye kulula ukuyilungisa.Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lohlengahlengiso lwe-pH lulinganiselwe.Xa ulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH elifanayo, inani le-sodium carbonate liya kuba likhulu kunesodium hydroxide.Isiphumo sokusetyenziswa sigcinwa ixesha elide, kwaye i-pH yamanzi ayilula ukulahla.

I-sodium hydroxide isiseko esomeleleyo kunye ne-electrolyte eyomeleleyo, i-sodium hydroxide yokunyenyisa ixabiso le-pH le-volatility inkulu, i-sodium hydroxide emva kokongezwa kwamanzi pH kulula ukwandisa, ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuthe ngqo ngakumbi, kodwa kulula ukubhukuqa akakwazi ukubeka kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa nesodium carbonate ukongeza kakhulu ngaphantsi kunokufikelela kwiimfuno pH index, oko kukuthi, nangona sodium hydroxide pH ixabiso landile, Noko ke, isixa sodium hydroxide eyongeziweyo ayinkulu, oko kukuthi, ukukwazi kwamanzi ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-asidi yeqela le-hydroxide ayinyuki kakhulu, i-pH iya kuhla ngokukhawuleza.

4.2 Umonakalo obangelwa ukongezwa ngokugqithisileyo kwesodium carbonate kunye nesodium hydroxide ukunyusa ixabiso le-pH kumanzi okutya kwibhoyila yahlukile.

Ukongeza kakhulu i-sodium carbonate kwibhoyila yamanzi ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH kuya kwandisa umxholo wetyuwa wamanzi ebhodweni kunye ne-conductivity;Kukho ii-ion zebicarbonate ezininzi emanzini embiza, kwaye iiyoni zebicarbonate zibola ngokulula zibe yikharbon dayoksayidi xa ishushu.I-CO2 ingena kwisitshintshi sobushushu kwaye idibanise amanzi ngomphunga.Isodium carbonate ayipheleli nje ekulungiseni ixabiso le-pH lomphunga kunye ne-condensate yokubuyisela amanzi amanzi, kodwa kwakhona yehlisa ixabiso le-pH lomphunga kunye ne-condensate, ityhola isitshintshi sobushushu kunye nombhobho we-condensate.Isizathu sokuba ii-ayoni zeayini kumphunga ojiya amanzi abuye abe ngaphezulu kombala oqhelekileyo omthubi okanye obomvu.

Ukongeza kakhulu i-sodium hydroxide kumanzi esithandweni ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH kuya kubangela ukuba i-alkali yamanzi ebhodwe ibe phezulu kakhulu, kwaye amanzi kunye nesoda iya kubonakala.Ubungakanani be-sodium hydroxide akulula ukulawula, kwaye i-NaOH ekhululekile kakhulu iya kubangela i-alkalinity enkulu, kwaye i-alkali embrittlement iya kubangela ukubola kwisixhobo.Umbhali uye wabona i-fiber yeglasi eqiniswe kwitanki ye-debrine yeplastiki egcwele iipetshi kwindawo yomsebenzisi, eyayidliwe kwaye yatyhulwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide ukulawula ixabiso le-pH ye-debrine.I-sodium hydroxide ayinakuhlengahlengisa ixabiso le-pH lomphunga kunye ne-condensation yokubuyisela amanzi amanzi, kwaye ayikwazi ukulawula ukubola komphunga kunye ne-steam condensation yokubuyisela izixhobo zenkqubo yamanzi kunye nothungelwano lombhobho.

4.3 Ukhuseleko lwe-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium hydroxide esetyenziswa kwi-boiler feed water ukunyusa ixabiso le-pH yahlukile

I-sodium carbonate inobulali, iyinto yebakala lokutya, ukuvuselela okuncinci, ukubola okuncinci, okuqhelekileyo kunokuchukunyiswa ngesandla, imfuneko yexesha elide yokunxiba iiglavu.

I-sodium hydroxide yinto enobungozi, i-corrosive, kunye nesisombululo sayo okanye uthuli olutshiziweyo esikhumbeni, ngokukodwa kwi-membrane ye-mucous, inokuvelisa i-scabs ethambileyo, kwaye inokungena kwizicubu ezinzulu.Ukutsha kushiya isiva.Ukutshiza kwiso, kungonakalisi i-cornea kuphela, kodwa kuphinde konakalise izicubu ezinzulu zeso.Ngoko ke, umqhubi kufuneka afake i-ointment engathathi hlangothi kunye ne-hydrophobic esikhumbeni, kwaye kufuneka anxibe iimpahla zokusebenza, iimaski, iiglasi zokukhusela, iiglavu zerabha, iifaskoti zerabha, iibhutsi zerabha ezinde kunye nezinye izinto zokukhusela abasebenzi ukwenza umsebenzi omhle wokukhusela.

Kukho iimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye novavanyo olubonisa: I-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-sodium carbonate zisetyenziswa ngokuhlukileyo, okanye zixutywe, uqoqosho lwayo kunye nesiphumo zingcono kunokusebenzisa umlawuli othile we-pH yedwa.Xa ixabiso le-pH le-boiler feed feed lifunyenwe liphantsi kakhulu, enye i-sodium hydroxide inokongezwa ngokufanelekileyo ukunyusa ngokukhawuleza ixabiso le-pH.Emva kokuba i-sodium hydroxide ichithwe ngokupheleleyo, enye i-sodium carbonate inokongezwa ukuphakamisa i-carbonate emanzini.Oku kunokunciphisa ukuhla kwexabiso le-pH yamanzi esondlo;Ngenxa yokuba isixa sodium carbonate ingafakwa ngaphezulu, ukukwazi ukugcina carbonates emanzini kakhulu, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo sodium carbonate ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina ixabiso pH yonikezelo lwamanzi kunye namanzi embizeni, kuphela xa ixabiso pH amanzi aphantsi kakhulu, umbhali uncoma ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide ukunyusa ngokukhawuleza ixabiso le-pH, ukwenzela ukuba ezi zimbini zixutywe ngokuhlukileyo, zombini uqoqosho kunye nesiphumo esihle.