Uluhlu lwesicelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide

Uluhlu lwesicelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide

YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

I-tablet ye-Caustic soda luhlobo lwe-caustic soda, igama lekhemikhali ye-sodium hydroxide, yi-alkali enyibilikayo, i-corrosive kakhulu, inokusetyenziswa njenge-acid neutralizer, kunye ne-agent e-masking, i-agent ye-precipitating, i-agent yokufihla imvula, i-agent yombala, i-agent ye-saponification, i-agent exobulayo, isepha njalo njalo

Zininzi izinto ezininzi.Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweepilisi ze-caustic soda kushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1, ukwenza iphepha:

papermaking izinto ekrwada zizityalo zokhuni okanye ingca, ezi zityalo ukongeza cellulose, kodwa iqulethe isixa esikhulu non-cellulose (lignin, gum, njl.).I-alkali ye-Flake isetyenziselwa i-delignification, kwaye i-fiber inokufumaneka kuphela ngokususa i-lignin emthini.Icandelo le-non-cellulose lingachithwa ngokudibanisa i-dilute caustic soda isisombululo, ukwenzela ukuba i-cellulose njengenxalenye ephambili ye-pulp ingalungiswa.

2, i-petroleum esulungekileyo:

Emva kokuba iimveliso zepetroleum zihlanjwe nge-asidi ye-sulfuric, ezinye izinto ezine-acidic kufuneka zihlanjwe ngesisombululo se-alkali yethebhulethi, kwaye emva koko ihlanjwe ukuze ifumane iimveliso ezicocekileyo.

3. Indwangu:

ikotoni kunye neendwangu zelinen ziphathwa nge-concentrated sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) isisombululo sokuphucula iimpawu zefiber.Iifiber ezenziweyo ezifana nekotoni eyenziweyo, uboya obufakelweyo, i-rayon, njl., Ininzi i-viscose fibers, yenziwe nge-cellulose (efana ne-pulp), i-caustic soda, i-carbon disulfide (CS2) njengezinto eziluhlaza, ezenziwe nge-viscose, ngokujikeleza, ukujiya.

4, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya:

ilaphu umqhaphu kunye unyango isisombululo alkaline, unako ukususa zigqunywe ngelaphu umqhaphu wax, igrisi, istatshi kunye nezinye izinto, ngelixa ukwandisa mercerization umbala ilaphu, ukuze ukudaya iyunifomu ngakumbi.

5, ukwenza isepha:

elona candelo liphambili lesepha yityuwa yesodium ye-acids ephezulu enamafutha, edla ngokwenziwa ngeoyile kunye neetafile zealkali njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ngokusabela kwe-saponification.Ukongeza kwiityuwa ze-asidi ezinamafutha aphezulu, isepha nayo iqulethe i-rosin, iglasi yamanzi, iziqholo, idayi kunye nezinye iifayili.Ngokwesakhiwo, i-sodium ephezulu ye-fatty acid ine-non-polar hydrophobic part (iqela le-hydrocarbon) kunye ne-polar hydrophilic part (iqela le-carboxyl).Iqela le-hydrophobic lineempawu ze-oleophilic.Ngexesha lokuhlamba, igrisi ebumdaka iyashukunyiswa kwaye isasazwe kumathontsi e-oyile amancinci, kwaye emva kokunxibelelana nesepha, iqela le-hydrophobic (iqela le-hydrocarbon) leemolekyuli ze-sodium ezinamafutha aphezulu afakwa kumathontsi eoli, kwaye iimolekyuli zeoyile zifakwa kwi-oyile. idityaniswe yimikhosi kavan der Waals.Iqela le-hydrophilic (iqela le-carboxyl), elichithwa ngokulula emanzini, landiswa ngaphandle kwe-oyile ye-oyile kwaye ifakwe emanzini.Esona sithako siphambili sesepha yi-NaOH, kodwa i-NaOH ayiyosepha.Isisombululo sayo samanzi sinamafutha kwaye sinokusetyenziswa njengesepha.Isepha sisifakeli se-emulsifier.Umgaqo-siseko yi-saponification reaction CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONA+CH3CH2OH, kunye ne-CH3COONa sisithako esisebenzayo kwisepha.

6, ishishini lemichiza:

yenza isodiyam yesinyithi, amanzi e-electrolytic asebenzise iipilisi zealkali.Ukuveliswa kweetyuwa ezininzi ze-inorganic, ngakumbi ukulungiswa kwezinye iityuwa zesodium (ezifana ne-borax, i-sodium silicate, i-sodium phosphate, i-sodium dichromate, i-sulfite yesodium, njl. njl.) zisetyenziswa kwi-tablet alkali.Ikwasetyenziswa kwi-synthesis yedayi, iziyobisi kunye ne-organic intermediates.

7, ishishini lesinyithi:

rhoqo ukuguqula icandelo elisebenzayo le-ore libe yityuwa yesodium enyibilikayo, ukuze kususwe ukungcola okunganyibilikiyo, ngoko ke, ngokufuthi kufuneka ukongeza amacwecwe ealkali.Ngokomzekelo, kwinkqubo yokunyibilika kwe-aluminium, ukulungiswa kwe-cryolite kunye nokunyangwa kwe-bauxite kusetyenziswa.

8, ukusetyenziswa kwekalika ukuphucula umhlaba:

emhlabeni, ngenxa yokuba i-organic matter kwinkqubo yokubola iya kuvelisa iiasidi eziphilayo, imozulu yeeminerali inokuvelisa izinto ezineasidi.Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezingaphiliyo ezifana ne-ammonium sulfate, i-ammonium chloride, njl., Kuya kwenza umhlaba ube ne-asidi.Ukufaka umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wekalika kungenza ukuba iasidi ingasebenzi emhlabeni, yenze umhlaba ulungele ukukhula kwezityalo, kwaye kukhuthaze ukwanda kwee microorganisms.Emva kokunyuka kwe-Ca2 + emhlabeni, kunokukhuthaza ukunyuswa kwe-colloid yomhlaba, okulungele ukubunjwa kwee-aggregates, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, inokubonelela nge-calcin efunekayo ekukhuleni kwezityalo.

9. Imveliso yealumina :

Isisombululo se-NaOH sishushu ukunyibilikisa i-alumina kwi-bauxite kwaye ifumane i-aluminiyamu ye-sodiumsatya isisombululo.Emva kokuba isisombululo sahluliwe kwintsalela (udaka olubomvu), ubushushu buyancipha, i-aluminium hydroxide yongezwa njengembewu yekristale, emva kwexesha elide lokuvuselela, i-sodium aluminate ichithwa kwi-aluminium hydroxide, ihlanjwe, kwaye i-calcined kwi-950 ~ 1200 ℃ , i-aluminium oxide egqityiweyo ifunyenwe.Isisombululo emva kwemvula ye-aluminiyam hydroxide ibizwa ngokuba butywala omama, obukhutshwa ngumphunga kwaye bugxininiswe kwaye buhlaziywe.Ngenxa yezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ze-crystalline ze-diaspore, i-diaspore kunye ne-diaspore, ukunyibilika kwabo kwisisombululo se-caustic soda kuhluke kakhulu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokuchithwa, ubukhulu becala ubushushu obuhlukeneyo bokutshatyalaliswa.Uhlobo lwe-diaspore lwe-bauxite lunokunyibilika kwi-125 ~ 140C, kwaye uhlobo lwe-diaspore lwe-bauxite lunokunyibilika kwi-240 ~ 260℃ kunye nokongeza kwekalika (3~7%).

10, iiseramikhi:

i-caustic soda kwindima yokwenziwa kwe-ceramic inamanqaku amabini: okokuqala, kwinkqubo yokutshisa i-ceramics, i-caustic soda njenge-diluent.Okwesibini, umphezulu we-ceramic ekhutshiweyo uya kutshitshiswa okanye unzima kakhulu, kwaye emva kokucoca ngesisombululo se-caustic soda, i-ceramic surface iya kuba lula.

11, ukubulala iintsholongwane:

intsholongwane protein denaturation.Ezi bhotile zisetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwishishini lewayini.

12, ukongeza kumanzi amdaka:

ioksidi yesodium eyomeleleyo ukunyenyisa ixabiso le-ph, ukucocwa kwelindle, ukuze izibonelelo ziphinde zisetyenziswe.

13, amalungiselelo ekhemikhali, izongezo zamashishini:

I-alkali yecwecwe isetyenziswa ikakhulu kushishino lwamayeza ukwenza izisombululo zealkalize okanye ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH lezisombululo zamayeza.

I-14, i-electroplating, ukulungiswa kwe-tungsten.

Iipilisi zealkali kwiplating yentsimbi njengesisombululo se-electroplating, dlala indima yomqhubi!

I-15, yenza isilika, yenza umqhaphu werayon.

16. Ishishini lesikhumba (Intshayelelo yokusetyenziswa kabini kwamacwecwe ealkali):

(1) Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe inkqubo yolwelo oluluthuthu lwenkunkuma, thambisa kwaye wongeze isisombululo esinamanzi sesodium sulfide kwinkqubo ekhoyo yokwandiswa.

Phakathi kwamanyathelo amabini e-lime powder soaking treatment, ukusetyenziswa kwe-30% yesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide kunye nobunzima be-tare 0.3-0.5% kwandiswe ukwenza i-fiber yesikhumba yandiswe ngokupheleleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho weemveliso ezigqityiweyo.
(2) Njengomthombo wealkaline kunye ne-neutraizer, yongeza ubungakanani bamanzi kwi-reactor, kwaye emva koko ushushu ukuya kuma-90 ° C ngomphunga, ugxobhoze ngelixa ufaka i-polyvinyl alcohol, kwaye emva koko uphole ukuya kuma-80 ° C emva kotywala bepolyvinyl. zinyibilike ngokupheleleyo.Emva kokuvuselela, yongeza i-hydrochloric acid kwi-trickle, qhubeka uvuselela imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwe-30, kwaye ungeze inani lefomula yamanzi e-formaldehyde.Yigcine ishushu kwi-78 ~ 80 ℃, yivumele ukuba isabele imizuzu engama-40 ~ 50, yongeza isisombululo esimiselweyo se-10% yesodium hydroxide yokungathathi hlangothi, yipholise phantsi ukuya kuma-60 ~ 70 ℃, emva koko wongeze iurea yefomula yonyango lwe-amino, kunye nesihluzo. isisombululo seglu ngomnatha womsonto ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kogcino.

I-17, imboni yeekhemikhali zepolyester:

isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-formic acid, i-oxalic acid, i-borax, i-phenol, i-sodium cyanide kunye nesepha, i-synthetic fatty acids, i-synthetic detergent, njl.

18, ushicilelo olulukiweyo kunye neshishini lokudaya:

isetyenziswe njenge-agent ye-cotton desizing agent, i-agent ebilayo, i-arhente ye-mercerizing kunye nedayi yokunciphisa, i-Haichang i-solvent yedayi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

19, ishishini lokunyibilikisa:

esetyenziselwa ukwenza i-aluminiyam hydroxide, i-aluminium oxide kunye ne-agent yonyango yesinyithi.

20, ishishini lezixhobo,:

isetyenziswe njenge-acid neutralizer, i-agent esusa umbala, i-agent ekhupha ivumba.

21, ishishini lokuncamathelisa:

isetyenziswe njenge-starch gelatinizer, neutralizer.

22, yenza iphosphate, yenza imanganate.

23. Ukuhlaziywa kwerabha endala.

I-24, ingasetyenziswa njenge-citrus, i-agent ye-peach peeling kunye ne-decolorizing agent, i-deodorant.

25, icwecwe lealkali likwasetyenziswa ekwenzeni izibulali zinambuzane.