Indima yee-chelating agents ekuhlambeni iimveliso
I-Chelate, i-chelate eyenziwe zii-chelating agents, ivela kwigama lesiGrike elithi Chele, elithetha uzipho lwenkala. Ii-Chelates zifana neenzipho zenkala eziphethe ii-ion zesinyithi, ezizinzileyo kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzisusa okanye ukuzisebenzisa ezi i-ion zesinyithi. Ngo-1930, i-chelate yokuqala yenziwa eJamani - i-EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) chelate yokunyanga izigulana ezinetyhefu yesinyithi esinzima, emva koko i-chelate yaphuhliswa yaza yasetyenziswa ekuhlanjweni kweekhemikhali imihla ngemihla, ekutyeni, kumashishini nakwezinye izinto.
Okwangoku, abavelisi abaphambili bee-chelating agents kwihlabathi baquka iBASF, iNorion, iDow, iDongxiao Biological, iShijiazhuang Jack njalo njalo.
Ummandla we-Asia-Pacific yeyona marike inkulu yeearhente ze-chelating, enesabelo esingaphezulu kwe-50% kunye nobungakanani bemarike obuqikelelwayo obungaphezulu kwe-US $1 yeebhiliyoni, kunye nezicelo eziphambili kwimizi-mveliso yesepha, unyango lwamanzi, ukhathalelo lomntu, iphepha, ukutya kunye neziselo.
(Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli ye-arhente ye-chelating EDTA)
Ii-chelating agents zilawula ii-metal ion ngokuchela ii-multi-ligands zazo ngee-metal ion complexes ukuze zenze ii-chelates.
Ukusuka kule ndlela yokusebenza, kunokuqondwa ukuba iimolekyuli ezininzi ezinee-ligands ezininzi zinamandla okutshintsha.
Enye yezona ziqhelekileyo yi-EDTA engentla, enokubonelela ngeeathom ze-nitrogen ezi-2 kunye neeathom ze-carboxyl oxygen ezi-4 ukuze zisebenzisane nesinyithi, kwaye ingasebenzisa imolekyuli e-1 ukusonga ngokuqinileyo i-calcium ion efuna ukulungelelaniswa oku-6, ivelise imveliso ezinzileyo kakhulu enekhono elihle lokuchela. Ezinye ii-chelators ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka i-sodium phytate efana ne-sodium gluconate, i-sodium glutamate diacetate tetrasodium (GLDA), ii-sodium amino acids ezifana ne-methylglycine diacetate trisodium (MGDA), kunye nee-polyphosphates kunye nee-polyamines.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, nokuba kusemanzini ompompo okanye emanzini endalo, kukho i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-iron plasma, ezi i-ion zesinyithi ezikwi-extraction yexesha elide, ziya kuzisa ezi ziphumo zilandelayo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla:
1. Ilaphu alicocwanga kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isikali siqhekeke, siqine kwaye sibe mnyama.
2. Akukho nto ifanelekileyo yokucoca kwindawo eqinileyo, kunye needipozithi zesikali
3. Iidiphozithi zesikali kwizixhobo zetafile nakwiglasi
Ukuqina kwamanzi kubhekisa kumxholo wee-ion ze-calcium kunye ne-magnesium emanzini, kwaye amanzi aqinileyo aya kunciphisa isiphumo sokuhlamba. Kwiimveliso zesepha, i-arhente ye-chelating inokusabela ne-calcium, i-magnesium kunye nezinye ii-ion zesinyithi emanzini, ukuze ithambise umgangatho wamanzi, ithintele i-calcium kunye ne-magnesium plasma ekubeni isabelane ne-arhente esebenzayo kwisepha, kwaye ithintele ukuchaphazela isiphumo sokuhlamba, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso yokuhlamba.
Ukongeza, izinto ezithintela ukubola zingenza ukuba umxube wesepha uzinze ngakumbi kwaye ungaboli xa ushushu okanye ugcinwe ixesha elide.
Ukongezwa kwe-chelating agent kwisepha yokuhlamba impahla kunokunyusa amandla ayo okucoca, ngakumbi kwiindawo apho isiphumo sokuhlamba sichaphazeleka kakhulu bubunzima, njengasemantla, emazantsi-ntshona nakwezinye iindawo ezinobunzima bamanzi aphezulu, i-chelating agent inokuthintela amabala amanzi kunye namabala ukuba angahlali kumphezulu welaphu, ukuze isepha yokuhlamba impahla ikwazi ukungena kwaye inamathele lula kumphezulu wempahla, nto leyo ephucula isiphumo sokuhlamba ngaxeshanye. Ukuphucula ubumhlophe kunye nokuthamba, ukusebenza okubonakalayo akugugi kangako kwaye kome kakhulu.
Kwakhona ekucoceni umphezulu oqinileyo kunye nokucoca izitya zetafile, i-chelating agent esesefeni inokuphucula amandla okunyibilika kunye nokusasazeka kwesefeni, ukuze kube lula ukususa ibala kunye nesikali, kwaye ukusebenza okubonakalayo kukuba isikali asinakuhlala, umphezulu ubonakala ngakumbi, kwaye iglasi ayixhomi ifilimu yamanzi. Ii-chelating agents zinokudibana neoksijini emoyeni ukwenza ii-complexes ezizinzileyo ezithintela i-oxidation yemiphezulu yesinyithi.
Ukongeza, isiphumo se-chelating se-chelating agents kwi-iron ions sikwasetyenziswa kwizicoci zemibhobho ukususa umhlwa.