Indima yecalcium chloride ekunyangweni kwamanzi amdaka

Okokuqala, indlela yokucoca amanzi amdaka ibandakanya kakhulu unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lweekhemikhali. Indlela ebonakalayo kukusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokucoca ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo beembobo, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokufaka amanzi okanye zokuvala, ukungcola okusemanzini akubandakanyiwe, eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi kwindlela yokufakela amanzi kukuzifaka ngekhabhoni esebenzayo, indlela yokuvala kukudlulisa amanzi kwizinto zokucoca, ukuze ubungakanani obukhulu bokungcola bungadluli, uze ufumane amanzi acocekileyo ngakumbi. Ukongeza, indlela ebonakalayo ikwabandakanya indlela yokukhupha amanzi, eyokuvumela ukungcola okuncinci kuntante phezu kwamanzi ukuze kuphume intlanzi, okanye ukungcola okunenxalenye enkulu kungene phantsi komphezulu, uze ufumane. Indlela yekhemikhali kukusebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeekhemikhali ukuguqula ukungcola okusemanzini kube zizinto ezingenabungozi kangako emzimbeni womntu, okanye ukungcola kuxinene, indlela yonyango lweekhemikhali kufuneka isetyenziswe ixesha elide ukongeza i-alum emanzini, emva kokuba kuqokelelwe ukungcola emanzini, ubuninzi buba bukhulu, ungasebenzisa indlela yokucoca ukususa ukungcola.

I-calcium chloride, ikhemikhali esetyenziswa rhoqo ekucoceni amdaka, yi-inorganic compound eyityuwa eyenziwe yi-chlorine kunye ne-calcium, i-ionic halide eqhelekileyo. Ii-chloride ions zinokubulala iintsholongwane emanzini, zibulale iintsholongwane eziyingozi, kwaye zinciphise ubuthi bamanzi. Ii-calcium ions zinokuthatha indawo yee-metal cations ezikumanzi, zahlule kwaye zikhuphe ii-ion ze-heavy metal ezinetyhefu, kwaye zisuse i-calcium ion precipitation, enefuthe elihle lokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokucoca.

Oku kulandelayo kukwazisa indima ethile ye-calcium chloride ekunyangweni kwamanzi amdaka:

1. I-calcium chloride inyibilikiswe emanzini emva kokuba i-ion ye-chloride inefuthe lokubulala iintsholongwane.

2. Ii-ion zecalcium zingathatha indawo yee-cation zesinyithi kwindawo engcolileyo, ingakumbi kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi amdaka equlethe ii-cation zesinyithi. Ukuze kuncitshiswe umonakalo wezinto ezinobuthi kakhulu zee-cation zesinyithi kwicandelo le-biochemical, i-calcium chloride isetyenziswa kwinkqubo yangaphambi konyango ukususa ezi zinto zinobuthi nezinobungozi, nto leyo edlala indima ephambili. Ukuba le nto isetyenziswa kwindawo engcolileyo, ii-ion zechloride zidlala indima yebhaktheriya. Ii-ion zecalcium zenze i-calcium hydroxide yaza yasuswa yimvula.

3. Ukungaguquguquki kwe-PH kunye nokulawulwa kwangaphambili kwenethiwekhi yemibhobho yendle eneasidi ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yenethiwekhi yemibhobho.

Inkqubo ethile yokusetyenziswa: Emva kokuba amanzi amdaka eqokelelwe kwitanki elawulayo, amanzi amdaka aphakanyiswa aye kwitanki yokuxinana yipompo yokuphakamisa. Itanki yokuxinana yahlulwe yaba ziinkqubo ezimbini zokuxuba kancinci kunye nokuxuba ngokukhawuleza, izigaba ezine zokuphendula. Kwitanki yokuxuba ngokukhawuleza, i-sodium hydroxide yongezwa kwipompo yokulinganisa ukuze kulungiswe i-PH yamanzi axutyiweyo kwitanki ukuya kwi-8, kwaye i-polyaluminum chloride enyibilikayo emanzini kunye ne-calcium chloride zongezwa ngaxeshanye. Ngokongeza i-flocculant polyacrylamide kwitanki yokuxuba kancinci, amasuntswana e-calcium chloride aqulunqwe ahlangana ukuze enze i-floc enkulu ye-granular; Emva kokuxinana, ukugeleza kwamanzi amdaka kwitanki yokuxinana, ngokusebenzisa indawo yendalo ukufezekisa injongo yokwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, i-supernatant yaphuphuma kwinxalenye ephezulu yetanki yokuxinana, yaze yangena kwi-secondary coagulation precipitation. Emva kokuqiniswa kwesibini kunye nonyango lwemvula, amanzi adlula kwisihluzo sebhegi kunye nesihluzo sekhabhoni esisebenzayo aye kwidama lokuthomalalisa i-acid-base kwicala lomnini emva kokudlula ekufumaneni i-ions ze-fluoride kwi-intanethi, emva koko ixabiso le-pH liyalungiswa kwaye likhutshwe. Amanzi angafanelekanga akhutshwa kwi-tank yokupholisa aze anyangwe.