Inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye noluhlu lokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
I-Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yi-anionic, i-straight chain, i-water-soluble cellulose ether, i-derivative ye-cellulose yendalo kunye ne-chloroacetic acid ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali. Isisombululo sayo samanzi sinemisebenzi yokutyeba, ukwenza ifilimu, ukubopha, ukugcina amanzi, ukukhuselwa kwe-colloidal, i-emulsification kunye ne-suspension, kwaye ingasetyenziswa njenge-flocculant, i-chelating agent, i-emulsifier, i-thickener, i-water retaining agent, i-size agent, izinto zokwenza ifilimu, njl.njl., esetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni, kumayeza, kwi-elektroniki, kwi-pesticides, kwisikhumba, kwiplastiki, kushicilelo, kwi-ceramics, kushishino lweekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla nakwamanye amasimi.
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ngokuqhelekileyo yi-powdered solid, ngamanye amaxesha i-granular okanye i-fibrous, imhlophe okanye i-yellow ekhanyayo ngombala, ayinavumba likhethekileyo, yinto yekhemikhali ye-macromolecular, inokumanzika kakhulu, inokunyibilika emanzini, emanzini ukwenza isisombululo esiqinileyo esibonakalayo esiphezulu. Ayinyibiliki kwizisombululo ze-organic ngokubanzi, ezifana ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-chloroform kunye ne-benzene, kodwa inokunyibilika emanzini, inyibilike ngqo emanzini icotha kancinci, kodwa ukunyibilika kusekukhulu kakhulu, kwaye isisombululo samanzi sinoburhabaxa obuthile. I-solids kwindawo eqhelekileyo izinzile ngakumbi, kuba inokufunxwa kwamanzi kunye nokufuma okuthile, kwindawo eyomileyo, inokugcinwa ixesha elide.
① Inkqubo yemveliso
1. Indlela yokusebenzisa amanzi
Inkqubo yamanzi namalahle yinkqubo yokuvelisa eyenzeka kwangoko xa kulungiselelwa i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kwimizi-mveliso. Kule nkqubo, i-alkali cellulose kunye ne-etherifying agent zisabela kwisisombululo samanzi esinee-ion ze-oxygen oxide zasimahla, kwaye amanzi asetyenziswa njengendawo yokusabela kwinkqubo yokusabela, ngaphandle kwezinyibilikisi ze-organic.
2. Indlela yesinyibilikisi
Indlela yokunyibilikisa yinkqubo ye-organic solvent, eyinkqubo yokuvelisa ephuhliswe ngokusekelwe kwindlela yamanzi ukuze kuthathelwe indawo amanzi nge-organic solvent njengendlela yokusabela. Inkqubo ye-alkalization kunye ne-etherification ye-alkali cellulose kunye ne-monochloroacetic acid kwi-organic solvent. Ngokwenani le-reaction medium, inokwahlulwa ibe yindlela yokuxova kunye nendlela yokuqubha. Ubungakanani be-organic solvent esetyenzisiweyo kwindlela yokuxuba bukhulu kakhulu kunendlela yokuxova, kwaye ubuninzi be-organic solvent esetyenzisiweyo kwindlela yokuxova ngumlinganiselo wobunzima bomthamo we-cellulose, ngelixa ubuninzi be-organic solvent esetyenzisiweyo kwindlela yokuxuba ngumlinganiselo wobunzima bomthamo we-cellulose. Xa i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ilungiswa ngendlela yokuxuba, i-reaction solid ikwimeko yokuxuba okanye yokumiswa kwinkqubo, ngoko ke indlela yokuxuba i-swimming slurry ikwabizwa ngokuba yindlela yokuxuba.
3. Indlela yodaka
Indlela yokulunywa yiteknoloji yamva nje yokuvelisa i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Indlela yokulunywa ayinakuvelisa kuphela i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ecocekileyo kakhulu, kodwa ikwavelisa i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose enezinga eliphezulu lokutshintshwa kunye nokutshintshwa okufanayo. Inkqubo yokuvelisa indlela yokulunywa yile ilandelayo: i-cotton pulp ecoliweyo ibe ngumgubo ithunyelwa kumatshini we-alkalizing othe nkqo oxhotyiswe nge-isopropyl alcohol, kwaye isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide esongeziweyo ngelixa kuxutywa siyalunywa, kwaye ubushushu be-alkalizing bumalunga ne-20℃. Emva kokulunywa, izinto zipompelwa kumatshini we-etherifying othe nkqo, kwaye isisombululo se-isopropyl alcohol se-chloroacetic acid songezwa, kwaye ubushushu be-etherifying bumalunga ne-65℃. Ngokweemfuno ezithile zokusetyenziswa kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho, uxinzelelo lwe-alkalization, ixesha le-alkalization, ubungakanani be-etherifying agent kunye nexesha le-etherification kunye nezinye iiparameter zenkqubo zinokulungiswa.
② Ububanzi besicelo
1. I-CMC ayisiyonto nje yokuqinisa kunye nokuqinisa ukutya, kodwa ikwanayo nokuzinza okubalaseleyo kokuqandisa nokunyibilikisa, kwaye inokuphucula incasa yemveliso kwaye yandise ixesha lokugcina.
2. Kwisepha, i-CMC ingasetyenziswa njengearhente yokubuyisela ukungcola, ingakumbi kwi-hydrophobic synthetic fiber ngelaphu ethintela ukungcola, ingcono kakhulu kune-carboxymethyl fiber.
3. Kwimigodi yeoyile ingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela iMigodi yeoyile njengesixhobo sokulungisa udaka, isixhobo sokugcina amanzi, ubungakanani bomthombo ngamnye weoyile yi-2 ~ 3t Imithombo enganzulu, iMigodi enzulu yi-5 ~ 6t.
4. Isetyenziswa kwishishini lempahla njenge-arhente yokulinganisa, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya i-slurry thickener, ukuprinta impahla kunye nokugqiba ukuqina.
5. Isetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokulwa nokuphelisa uthuli, i-emulsifier, i-dispersant, i-arhente yokulinganisa, i-glue, inokwenza inxalenye eqinileyo yepeyinti isasazwe ngokulinganayo kwisinyibilikisi, ukuze ipeyinti ingahlukaniswa ixesha elide, kodwa isetyenziswe nakwi-putty.
6. Njenge-flocculant ekususweni kwee-ion ze-calcium kune-sodium gluconate esebenza ngakumbi, njenge-cation exchange, amandla okutshintshiselana afikelela kwi-1.6ml/g.
7. Kwishishini lephepha elisetyenziswa njengearhente yokulinganisa iphepha, linokuphucula kakhulu amandla okomileyo kunye namandla okumanzi okumelana nephepha kunye neoyile, ukufunxwa kwe-inki kunye nokumelana namanzi.
8. Njenge-hydrosol kwizinto zokuthambisa, esetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokutyeba kwi-toothpaste, idosi yayo imalunga ne-5%.