Indlela yokusebenzisa i-PAC/PAM
I-Polyaluminum chloride: I-PAC ngamafutshane, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-aluminium chloride esisiseko okanye i-hydroxyl aluminium chloride.
Umgaqo: ngemveliso ye-hydrolysis ye-polyaluminum chloride okanye i-polyaluminum chloride, imvula ye-colloidal kwi-sewage okanye kwi-slidge yenziwa ngokukhawuleza, okulula ukwahlula amasuntswana amakhulu e-precipitate. Ukusebenza: Inkangeleko kunye nokusebenza kwe-PAC kunxulumene ne-alkalinity, indlela yokulungiselela, ukwakheka kokungcola kunye nomxholo we-alumina.
1, xa i-alkalinity ye-polyaluminum chloride ecocekileyo ingaphakathi kwe-40% ~ 60%, lulwelo olutyheli olukhanyayo nolucacileyo. Xa i-alkalinity ingaphezulu kwe-60%, kancinci kancinci iba lulwelo olucacileyo olungenambala.
2, xa i-alkalinity ingaphantsi kwama-30%, i-polyaluminum chloride eqinileyo ilensi.
3, xa i-alkalinity iphakathi kwe-30% ukuya kwi-60%, iba yinto ye-colloidal.
4, xa i-alkalinity ingaphezulu kwe-60%, kancinci kancinci iba yiglasi okanye i-resin. I-polyaluminum chloride eqinileyo eyenziwe nge-bauxite okanye iminerali yodongwe ityheli okanye imdaka.
Umfanekiso wemveliso
Ulwahlulo oluqhelekileyo
Umxholo we-22-24%: Imveliso yenkqubo yokomisa iidramu, ngaphandle kokucoca iipleyiti kunye nesakhelo, izinto ezinganyibilikiyo ngamanzi ziphezulu, lixabiso langoku lemarike leemveliso zoshishino, ezisetyenziselwa kakhulu unyango lwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso.
Umxholo we-26%: Imveliso yenkqubo yokomisa idrama, ngaphandle kokucoca ipleyiti kunye nesakhelo, izinto ezinganyibilikiyo emanzini zingaphantsi kwama-22-24%, le mveliso ngumgangatho wesizwe wezinga lemizi-mveliso, ixabiso liphezulu kancinci, lisetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso.
Umxholo we-28%: Oku kuneentlobo ezimbini zenkqubo yokomisa iidrama kunye nokomisa ngokutshiza, ulwelo oludlula kwipleyiti yesihluzo sesakhelo, amanzi anganyibiliki kunezimbini zokuqala ezisezantsi, zezemveliso zePAC eziphezulu, zingasetyenziselwa unyango lwelindle oluphantsi kokungcola kunye nonyango lwangaphambi kwezityalo zamanzi empompini.
Umxholo we-30%: Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokomisa iidrama kunye nokomisa ngokutshiza, ulwelo oluphuma kwipleyiti, oluvela kwiimveliso zePAC ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo zamanzi empompini kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lokucocwa kwamanzi ekhaya.
Umxholo we-32%: Oku kwenziwa ngokufutha ngespray, kwahlukile kwezinye iimveliso, le PAC ibukeka imhlophe, icocekile kakhulu kwaye ayinayo i-ferrous polyaluminum chloride, esetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lweekhemikhali ezintle kunye nemveliso yezithambiso, ikwinqanaba lokutya.
I-Polyacrylamide: ebizwa ngokuba yi-PA M, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-flocculant okanye i-coagulant
Umgaqo: Ikhonkco leemolekyuli ze-PAM kunye nesigaba esisasazekileyo ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeziphumo zoomatshini, zomzimba, zeekhemikhali kunye nezinye, isigaba esisasazekileyo sidibene, senza uthungelwano, ngaloo ndlela siphucula indima.
Ukusebenza: I-PAM ngumgubo omhlophe, onyibilikayo emanzini, phantse awunyibiliki kwi-benzene, i-ether, ii-lipids, i-acetone kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo ngokubanzi, isisombululo samanzi se-polyacrylamide siphantse sibonakale njengolwelo oluqinileyo, sisixhobo esingenabungozi, asiyityhefu, asibolisi, i-PAM eqinileyo ine-hygroscopicity, i-hygroscopicity iyanda ngokunyuka kwe-ionic degree.
Umfanekiso wemveliso
Ulwahlulo oluqhelekileyo
Ngokweempawu zayo zeqela eliqhekekayo, i-PAM yahlulwe yaba yi-anionic polyacrylamide, i-cationic polyacrylamide kunye ne-non-ionic polyacrylamide. I-Ionic polyacrylamide.
I-Cationic PAM: udaka olusebenzayo oluveliswa yindlela ye-biochemical
I-Anionic PAM: amanzi amdaka kunye nodaka olunetshaja entle, njengesityalo sentsimbi, isityalo sokufaka iplati, isinyithi, ukuhlamba amalahle, ukususa uthuli kunye neminye inkunkuma, zinempembelelo engcono.
I-PAM engeyiyo i-ionic: ye-cationic kunye ne-anionic inefuthe elihle, kodwa ixabiso leyunithi libiza kakhulu, ngokubanzi ayisetyenziswa rhoqo
Zombini zongezwa kwimiyalelo yokusebenzisa
Yintoni i-flocculation? Emva kokongeza i-coagulant emanzini aluhlaza, ixutywe ngokupheleleyo nomzimba wamanzi, uninzi lwezinto ezingcolileyo ze-colloid emanzini zilahlekelwa kukuzinza, kwaye amasuntswana e-colloid angaguqukiyo ayangqubana aze ahlangane kwidama le-flocculation, aze emva koko enze i-floc enokususwa ngendlela yemvula.
Izinto ezichaphazela i-flocculation
Inkqubo yokukhula kwefloc yinkqubo yokudibana kunye nokungqubana kwamasuntswana amancinci.
Umgangatho wempembelelo ye-flocculation uxhomekeke kwezi zinto zimbini zilandelayo:
1 amandla ee-polymer complexes ezenziwe yi-coagulant hydrolysis ukwenza i-adsorption frame bridge, emiselwa ziimpawu ze-coagulants
2 amathuba okungqubana kweesuntswana ezincinci kunye nendlela yokuzilawula ukuze kubekho ukungqubana okufanelekileyo nokusebenzayo. Iingcali zobunjineli bonyango lwamanzi zikholelwa ukuba ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okungqubana, kufuneka kwandiswe isantya somphezulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla emzimbeni wamanzi kufuneka kwandiswe ngokwandisa isantya somphezulu, oko kukuthi, ukwandisa isantya sokuhamba kwedama lokuqubha (isongezo: ukuba iisuntswana zihlangana kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu xa ziqubha, ziya kutshatyalaliswa. Kukho iingxaki ezimbini: 1 ukukhula kwe-floc ngokukhawuleza kakhulu amandla ayo ayabuthathaka, kwinkqubo yokuhamba edibene nokunqunyulwa okunamandla kuya kwenza ibhulorho yesakhelo sokuqubha inqunyulwe, ibhulorho yesakhelo sokuqubha i-cut off kunzima ukuqhubeka inyuka, ngoko ke inkqubo yokuqubha nayo yinkqubo elinganiselweyo, ngokukhula kwe-floc, isantya sokuhamba kufuneka sincitshiswe, ukuze i-floc eyenziweyo ingabi lula ukuqhekeka; 2 ukukhula kwe-floc ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kuya kwenza indawo ethile yomphezulu we-floc yamanzi incitshiswe kakhulu, impendulo ethile ayigqibelelanga iisuntswana ezincinci ezilahlekileyo iimeko zokusabela, la masuntswana amancinci kunye namathuba okungqubana kweesuntswana ezinkulu ancitshiswe kakhulu, kunzima ukukhula kwakhona, la masuntswana akanakukwazi kuphela Ukuba itanki yesamente igciniwe, kunzima ukuyigcina kwisihluzi.)
Yongeza iimfuno
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokusabela kokongeza i-coagulant, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa amathuba okudibana nelindle kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukwandisa izinga lokuxuba okanye lokuhamba kwamanzi. Ngokuxhomekeke ekungqubaneni kokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nepleyiti yokugoba kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi phakathi kwepleyiti yokugoba ukwandisa isantya, ukuze ithuba lokungqubana kwamasuntswana amanzi lande, ukuze ukufuma kwe-floc kunyuke. Kwaye kwimpendulo esemva kwexesha, ukuze kuncitshiswe i-gradient yesantya, kunokufumana i-flocculation engcono kunye nefuthe lemvula.
Ukongeza izixhobo: isitya samayeza, itanki yokugcina amayeza, isixhobo sokuxuba imitha, ipompo yokulinganisa kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa. Ixhotyiswe ngokusebenzisa iindlela
Uxinzelelo lokukhupha amayeza lwe-PAC, i-PAM (ithathwe kwingxowa yokupakisha amayeza ize yongezwe kwitanki yokunyibilikisa) Uxinzelelo lokukhupha amanzi lwe-PAC kunye ne-PAM Ngokwe-amava: Uxinzelelo lokukhupha amanzi lwe-PAC lwe-5%-10%, uxinano lwe-PAM lwe-0.1%-0.3%, idatha engentla ihambelana nomgangatho, oko kukuthi, amanzi e-cubic PAC nganye yi-50-100kg, i-PAM 1-3kg. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu, amandla okunyibilikisa e-PAM anqongophele, kufuneka uvuselele ngokupheleleyo isantya esiphakathi ukuya ekunyibilikeni ngokupheleleyo. Ehlotyeni, uxinano lokukhupha amanzi lwe-PAM lunokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo ukuya kwi-0.3-0.5%. Thatha uxinano lokukhupha amanzi lwe-PAC lwe-10%, uxinano lokukhupha amanzi lwe-PAM lwe-0.5%, emva koko uxinano lokukhupha amanzi lwe-cubic PAC100kg, i-PAM5kg, lungisa ukuhamba kwepompo ye-diaphragm flow meter, ngokwe-1 cubic meter /24 hours calculation, oko kukuthi, i-Q = 42 litres / iyure, inokufezekisa isiphumo sokuhamba kwe-flocculation efanelekileyo yonyango lwendle. Idosi yearhente yonyango lwamanzi amdaka ye-PAC, PAM (enyibilikiswe emanzini okuqala) Idosi yearhente yonyango lwamanzi amdaka ngokubanzi yi-PAC 50-100ppm, i-PAM 2-5ppm, iyunithi ye-ppm yi-1 yezigidi, ngoko ke iguqulwa ibe yi-50-100 grams ye-PAC ngetoni nganye yenkunkuma yamanzi amdaka, ii-2-5 grams ze-PAM, kucetyiswa ukuba ngokubanzi ngokweli vavanyo lomthamo. Ukuba umthamo wonyango lwamanzi amdaka wemihla ngemihla yi-2000 cubic metres, uxinzelelo lwedosi ye-PAC ngokwe-50ppm, uxinzelelo lwedosi ye-PAM ngokwe-2ppm yokubala, ngoko ke umthamo we-PAC wemihla ngemihla yi-100kg, umthamo we-PAM yi-4kg. Idosi engentla ibalwa ngokwamava aqhelekileyo, idosi ethile kunye noxinzelelo lwedosi kufuneka kusekelwe kuvavanyo oluthile lomgangatho wamanzi. Bala ixabiso elibekiweyo kwimitha yokuhamba kwepompo yokulinganisa.
Emva kokongeza i-arhente kumjelo wamanzi amdaka okanye udaka, kufuneka ixutywe ngokufanelekileyo. Ixesha lokuxuba ngokubanzi liyimizuzwana eli-10-30, ngokubanzi kungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-2. Umlinganiselo othile we-arhente kunye noxinzelelo lwee-colloidal particles, izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kumjelo wamanzi amdaka okanye udaka, uhlobo kunye nezixhobo zonyango zinobudlelwane obuhle, umthamo wonyango lwedaka kwezinye, umlinganiselo ongcono ufunyanwa ngenani elikhulu leemvavanyo. Ngokwe-concentration yedosage engcono kakhulu (ppm1 yokongeza uxinzelelo) kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi (t/h) kunye noqwalaselo lwe-concentration yesisombululo (ppm2 preparation concentration), inokubalwa kwixabiso lokubonisa i-dosing pump flowmeter (LPM). Ixabiso lokubonisa le-dosing pump flowmeter (LPM) = ukuhamba kwamanzi (t/h)/60×PPM1 yokongeza uxinzelelo /PPM2 preparation concentration.
Qaphela: i-ppm yi-1 yezigidi; ixabiso leeyunithi ze-flowmeter yepompo yokulinganisa, i-LPM ziilitha/umzuzu; i-GPM ziigaloni/umzuzu