Uthelekiso lweenzuzo kunye neengxaki zokusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate okanye i-sodium hydroxide ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH kumanzi okutya ebhoyila

1, amanzi okutya kwibhoyila ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH yesizathu

Kule mihla, uninzi lweebhoyila eTshayina zisebenzisa amanzi angenatyuwa angasemva okanye i-sodium ion resin exchange softed water, amanzi angenatyuwa angasemva okanye i-sodium ion resin exchange softed water ixabiso le-pH liphantsi kakhulu kwaye line-asidi, amanzi angenatyuwa angasemva angenatyuwa ixabiso le-pH liqhele ukuba yi-5-6, amanzi angenatyuwa angasemva angenatyuwa ixabiso le-pH liqhele ukuba yi-5.5-7.5, ukuze kusonjululwe ukugqwala kobonelelo lwamanzi ane-asidi kwiibhoyila nakwiipayipi, Ngokwemimiselo yomgangatho wesizwe we-BG/T1576-2008, ixabiso le-pH lamanzi ebhoyila yemizi-mveliso liphakathi kwe-7-9 kwaye ixabiso le-pH lamanzi angenatyuwa liphakathi kwe-8-9.5, ngoko ke unikezelo lwamanzi ebhoyila kufuneka lulungise ixabiso le-pH.

2, umgaqo osisiseko wokongeza i-sodium carbonate emanzini okutya ebhoyila ukuze kulungiswe ixabiso le-pH

I-sodium carbonate yaziwa kakhulu ngokuba yi-soda, i-soda ash, i-soda ash, i-washing alkali, ehlelwe njengetyuwa, hayi i-alkali, ifomula yekhemikhali i-Na2CO3, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zepowder emhlophe okanye ityuwa ecolekileyo. Umgaqo osisiseko wokongeza i-sodium carbonate emanzini okutya ebhoyila ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH kukusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate ukunyibilika emanzini kwaye ibe yi-alkaline, enokuthi inciphise i-carbon dioxide emanzini okutya ane-asidi kwaye isombulule ukugqwala kwamanzi athambileyo ane-asidi okanye amanzi anetyuwa kwibhoyila nakwipayipi. I-sodium carbonate yi-electrolyte ebuthathaka, enyibilikiswe emanzini ukwenza isisombululo se-buffer se-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium bicarbonate, kukho ibhalansi ye-electrolytic kwisisombululo, ngokusetyenziswa kwe-electrolytic hydroxide, ibhalansi iya kuqhubeka isiya ngasekunene, ngoko ke i-pH ekhoyo kwimpendulo ayitshintshi kakhulu.

Inkqubo ye-hydrolysis ephambili ye-sodium carbonate:

I-Na2CO3 iSodium carbonate +H2O amanzi = I-NaHCO3 iSodium bicarbonate +NaOH iSodium hydroxide

Inkqubo ye-hydrolysis yesibini ye-sodium carbonate:

I-NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate +H2O amanzi =H2CO3 carbonic acid +NaOH sodium hydroxide

I-equation ye-ion eyinhloko ye-hydrolyzed ye-sodium carbonate:

(CO3) i-2-carbonic acid + amanzi e-H2O = i-HCO3- bicarbonate + i-OH- hydroxide

I-equation ye-ion ye-hydrolyzed yesibini ye-sodium carbonate:

I-HCO3- i-bicarbonate + amanzi e-H2O = i-H2CO3 i-carbonic acid + i-OH- i-hydroxide

3, umgaqo osisiseko wokongeza i-sodium hydroxide emanzini ebhoyila ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH

I-sodium hydroxide ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-caustic soda, i-caustic soda, i-caustic soda, i-caustic soda, idla ngokuba yi-white flake, i-chemical formula i-NaOH, i-sodium hydroxide ine-alkaline enamandla, irhabaxa kakhulu.

I-ionization equation ye-sodium hydroxide: NaOH=Na++OH-

Ukongeza i-sodium hydroxide emanzini ebhoyila kungazinzisa ifilimu ekhuselayo kumphezulu wesinyithi, kuphucule ixabiso le-pH yamanzi okutya ebhoyila kunye namanzi esitovini, ukuze kusonjululwe ukubola kwamanzi athambileyo ane-asidi okanye amanzi asuswe iiminerali kwibhoyila kunye nombhobho, kwaye kukhuselwe izixhobo zesinyithi ekuboleni.

4. Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kokusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate okanye i-sodium hydroxide ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH yamanzi okutya ebhoyila zithelekiswa

4.1 Isantya sokunyusa ixabiso le-pH nge-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium hydroxide yamanzi okufunxa ibhoyila kunye nexesha lokugcina isiphumo sokusetyenziswa zahlukile

Isantya sokongeza i-sodium carbonate kumanzi ebhoyila ukuze kwandiswe ixabiso le-pH sicotha kunesodium hydroxide. Ngenxa yokuba i-sodium carbonate ivelisa isisombululo se-buffer, inokuguquguquka okuncinci kwaye izinzile kwaye kulula ukuyilungisa. Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lokulungiswa kwe-pH lulinganiselwe. Xa kulungiswa ixabiso elifanayo le-pH, ubungakanani be-sodium carbonate buya kuba bukhulu kunelo le-sodium hydroxide. Isiphumo sokusetyenziswa sigcinwa ixesha elide, kwaye i-pH yamanzi ayilula ukuyilahla.

I-sodium hydroxide sisiseko esomeleleyo kunye ne-electrolyte enamandla, i-sodium hydroxide yokulungisa ixabiso le-pH yokuguquguquka inkulu, i-sodium hydroxide emva kokongeza amanzi i-pH kulula ukuyinyusa, ilungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH ngokukhawuleza nangokuthe ngqo, kodwa kulula ukuyiwisa ayinakubeka kakhulu, xa ithelekiswa ne-sodium carbonate ukongeza kancinci kakhulu kunokufikelela kwiimfuno ze-pH index, oko kukuthi, nangona ixabiso le-pH le-sodium hydroxide linyukile, Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani be-sodium hydroxide eyongeziweyo abubukhulu, oko kukuthi, amandla amanzi okunciphisa i-asidi yeqela le-hydroxide anyuki kakhulu, i-pH iza kwehla kungekudala.

4.2 Umonakalo obangelwa kukongeza kakhulu i-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium hydroxide ukwandisa ixabiso le-pH kumanzi okutya ebhoyila wahlukile

Ukongeza i-sodium carbonate eninzi emanzini ebhoyila ukuze kulungiswe ixabiso le-pH kuya kwandisa umxholo wetyuwa emanzini ebhodweni kunye nokuqhuba kwayo; Kukho ii-ion ze-bicarbonate ezingaphezulu emanzini ebhodweni, kwaye ii-ion ze-bicarbonate zibola lula zibe yi-carbon dioxide xa zishushu. I-CO2 ingena kwi-heat exchanger kwaye ifunxe amanzi ngomphunga. I-sodium carbonate ayinakukwazi nje ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH lamanzi abuyayo ngomphunga kunye ne-steam condensate, kodwa ikwanciphisa ixabiso le-pH lomphunga kunye ne-condensate, igugule i-heat exchanger kunye ne-condensate pipeline. Isizathu sokuba ii-ion zentsimbi emanzini abuyayo ngomphunga zigqithe umbala oqhelekileyo otyheli okanye obomvu.

Ukongeza i-sodium hydroxide eninzi emanzini esitovini ukuze kulungiswe ixabiso le-pH kuya kubangela ukuba i-alkali yamanzi embiza ibe phezulu kakhulu, kwaye amanzi kunye nesoda ziya kuvela. Ubungakanani be-sodium hydroxide akulula ukuyilawula, kwaye i-NaOH ekhululekileyo kakhulu iya kubangela i-alkalinity enkulu, kwaye ukubhitya kwe-alkali kuya kubangela ukugqwala kwizixhobo. Umbhali ubone itanki yeplastiki eqinisiweyo yeplastiki egcwele iipatches kwindawo yomsebenzisi, eyagqwala yaza yagqobhoka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide ukulawula ixabiso le-pH ye-debrine. I-sodium hydroxide ayinakuhlengahlengisa ixabiso le-pH yamanzi abuyayo e-steam kunye ne-steam condensation, kwaye ayinakukulawula ukugqwala kwezixhobo zenkqubo yamanzi abuyayo e-steam kunye ne-steam condensation kunye nenethiwekhi yepayipi.

4.3 Ukhuseleko lwe-sodium carbonate kunye ne-sodium hydroxide ezisetyenziswa emanzini okusela ebhoyila ukunyusa ixabiso le-pH lwahlukile

I-sodium carbonate ithambile, iyinxalenye yezinto ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni, ivuselela kancinci, ingumhlwa omncinci, iqhelekile ingachukunyiswa ngesandla, imfuneko yokunxiba iiglavu ixesha elide.

I-sodium hydroxide yinto eyingozi, iyabola, kwaye isisombululo sayo okanye uthuli oluchitheke eluswini, ingakumbi kwi-mucous membrane, lunokuvelisa amabala athambileyo, kwaye lunokungena kwizicwili ezinzulu. Ukutsha kushiya isilonda. Ukutshaya emehlweni, akugcini nje ngokonakalisa i-cornea, kodwa kukwanokonakalisa nezicwili ezinzulu zeliso. Ke ngoko, umntu osebenzayo kufuneka afake i-ointment engathathi cala nengangenisi manzi eluswini, kwaye kufuneka anxibe iimpahla zomsebenzi, iimaski, iiglasi zokukhusela, iiglavu zerabha, ii-apron zerabha, izihlangu zerabha ezinde kunye nezinye izinto zokukhusela abasebenzi ukuze enze umsebenzi olungileyo wokuzikhusela.

Kukho iimeko zokusetyenziswa novavanyo ezibonisa ukuba: I-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-sodium carbonate zisetyenziswa ngokwahlukana, okanye zixutywe, uqoqosho kunye nesiphumo sazo zingcono kunokusebenzisa umlawuli othile we-pH kuphela. Xa ixabiso le-pH lamanzi okutya ebhoyila lifunyenwe liphantsi kakhulu, i-sodium hydroxide ethile inokongezwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kwandiswe ngokukhawuleza ixabiso le-pH. Emva kokuba i-sodium hydroxide inyibilikisiwe ngokupheleleyo, i-sodium carbonate ethile inokongezwa ukuphakamisa i-carbonate emanzini. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukwehla kwexabiso le-pH lamanzi okutya; Ngenxa yokuba ubungakanani be-sodium carbonate bunokufakwa ngaphezulu, amandla okugcina ii-carbonate emanzini maninzi, ngoko ke ngokuqhelekileyo i-sodium carbonate ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina ixabiso le-pH lonikezelo lwamanzi kunye namanzi embizeni, kuphela xa ixabiso le-pH lamanzi liphantsi kakhulu, umbhali ucebisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide ukunyusa ngokukhawuleza ixabiso le-pH, ukuze ezi zimbini zixutywe ngokwahlukana, zombini zibe nefuthe elihle nelinoqoqosho.