Udidi kunye nomsebenzi wezixhobo zokuncedisa izicoci eziqhelekileyo

Izongezo zokucoca zihlulwe zibe zezongezo ezingaphiliyo, ezifana ne-sodium silicate, i-sodium carbonate, i-sodium sulfate kunye nezinye iityuwa ezingaphiliyo; Izongezo ze-organic, ezifana nee-anti-redeposition agents, i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Ukongeza izinto ezincedisayo ezinxulumene nokucoca ukungcola kwisepha enokuphucula ukusebenza kokuhlamba kuthiwa zezongezo zokuhlamba, kwaye izongezo zesepha ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesepha. Imisebenzi ephambili yezongezo zesepha: okokuqala, inefuthe lokuthambisa amanzi, okwesibini kukudlala indima ye-alkaline buffering, kwaye ekugqibeleni, inendima yokumanzisa, ukuxuba, ukumiswa kunye nokusasazwa, ikakhulu ukuthintela ukungcola ukuba kungaphinde kunamathele kwimpahla kunye nokuchasana nokuphinda kufakwe.

Zeziphi izongezo eziphambili zesepha?

I-sodium silicate
Yi-alkaline buffer, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-water glass okanye i-paucine, eyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-alkaline pH buffer detergent, ebalelwa malunga ne-10% ukuya kwi-3% yokongeza kwi-powder detergent. Umsebenzi wokuqala yi-pH buffer, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuthambisa amanzi; Owesibini kukukhusela ilaphu ukuphucula i-detergent; Owesithathu kukuphucula ukutyibilika kwe-slurry kunye ne-powder; Okwesine, inefuthe lokusebenzisana nezinye izinto ezincedisayo.

Isodiyam carbonate
Kwizithako zokucoca, izithako zezamanzi athambileyo, ziluhlobo lwe-precipitation-type soft water agent, igama eliqhelekileyo likwabizwa ngokuba yi-soda ash, kwaye igama eliqhelekileyo liyi-washing alkali, kodwa eneneni, ayisiyo-alkali, yityuwa. Kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-soda okanye i-alkali ash. I-sodium carbonate inokuphucula i-alkalinity, inokuvelisa i-calcium carbonate okanye i-magnesium precipitation ene-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ions emanzini, ukuze ithambe amanzi, yeyona nto iphambili kwi-alkaline detergent.

I-4A zeolite
Isithambisi samanzi sohlobo lokutshintshiselana kwee-ion sisixhobo esincedisayo sohlobo lokutshintshiselana kwee-ion, esinceda ukutshintshiselana kwee-ion ze-calcium kunye ne-magnesium kwaye sithambise amanzi. Ngenxa yokuba i-zeolite ayinyibiliki emanzini, ukuze ingahlali kwilaphu, kukho iimfuno ezithile zobukhulu bee-particle ze-4A zeolite. Ukongeza, isiphumo sokusebenzisa i-zeolite kunye ne-sodium tripolyphosphate singcono kuneso sokuyisebenzisa yodwa. I-4A zeolite ikwanomsebenzi wokubopha, ukusasaza kunye nokumelana nokuphinda ibekwe kwindawo yayo.

I-sodium citrate
Sisithambisi samanzi esitshiza amanzi, kwaye i-sodium citrate eqhelekileyo yi-sodium citrate dihydrate kunye ne-sodium citrate pentahydrate. Zinokunyibilika kakuhle kwaye zinokwenza ii-chelates ezine-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ions emanzini ukuze zithambise amanzi. I-sodium citrate yityuwa eqinileyo yesiseko esinamandla, kwaye i-citric acid inokwenza inkqubo ye-pH buffer enamandla, kwinkqubo yokucoca inako ukugcina uluhlu lwe-pH oluzinzileyo, ngoko ke kwezinye iimeko ayifanelekanga kuluhlu olubanzi lotshintsho lwe-pH, i-sodium citrate inendawo eyahlukileyo.

I-sodium sulfate
I-sodium sulfate decahydrate, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-glauberite. Ubunyulu obuphezulu, amasuntswana amancinci e-sodium sulfate engamanzi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-sodium powder. Ubungakanani be-sodium sulfate eyongeziweyo kwi-washing powder bufikelela kwi-20% ukuya kwi-60%, nto leyo eyinxalenye enkulu ye-washing powder eyongeziweyo, kodwa isiphumo sayo sincinci kakhulu kunezinye izongezo. Ngokuyintloko ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi le-sodium sulfate, kwinkqubo yokubumba isepha, ukunyibilika kwesepha kuba ngcono, ingakumbi indima yokubumba isepha yokuhlamba impahla.

I-sodium percarbonate bleach
I-sodium percarbonate, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-solid hydrogen peroxide, yi-compound eyongezelelweyo ye-hydrogen peroxide kunye ne-sodium carbonate, edlala indima yokumhlophelisa.

I-Polycarboxylate chelating water softener
I-Polycarboxylate, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo leesepha, ziipolymer ezimbini ezenziwe yi-acrylic homopolymer kunye ne-acrylic maleic acid copolymer. Olu hlobo lwesithako lunamandla amahle okubopha kwi-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ions, lunefuthe elicacileyo lokusasazeka kwi-calcium kunye ne-magnesium carbonate, luhambelana kakuhle nezinto zesepha ezifana nezongezo ze-surfactant, kwaye lunefuthe elihle lokulwa nokuphinda kufakwe izinto.
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yi-arhente yokunciphisa ukungcola, ayinayo impembelelo yokucoca, isepha isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukungcola, ukuphucula amandla okugqwala kunye nokuzinza kwesepha, kodwa ikwanayo nokuqina kwemveliso, i-colloidal ezinzileyo, ukuthintela ukwahlukana kunye neminye imisebenzi yeekhemikhali ze-colloidal.

I-EDTA sisithambisi-manzi esinyibilikisayo
I-EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, sisithako esibalulekileyo esiyinkimbinkimbi, sinee-athomu ezintandathu zokulungelelanisa, ukwakheka kwesi sixhobo kubizwa ngokuba yi-chelate. Ingenza ii-chelates ezine-calcium, i-magnesium kunye nezinye ii-ion zesinyithi emanzini ukuze zithambe amanzi.

I-Essence
Ukongezwa kwencasa kwisepha kuthandwa kakhulu ngabathengi, kwaye ukongezwa kwencasa kwisepha akwenzi nje kuphela ukuba isepha ibe nokusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kwenza nelaphu okanye iinwele emva kokuhlamba, zibe nevumba elimnandi nelitsha. Ubungakanani bencasa eyongezwa kwisepha ngokubanzi malunga ne-1%, kodwa ubungakanani beemveliso ezahlukeneyo bukwahlukile, njengesepha, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo okhethekileyo, ubungakanani bencasa yi-1.0% ~ 2.5%, isepha yokuhlamba impahla yi-0.5% ~ 1%, umgubo wokuhlamba impahla yi-0.1% ~ 0.2%, ngokweemveliso ezahlukeneyo. Iziqholo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziintyatyambo, ingca, umthi, kunye nempepho yokwenziwa. Ukulungiswa kwencasa yesepha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kula manqaku mabini alandelayo: Okokuqala, ukhuseleko, ukunciphisa ulusu, iinwele, ukuvuselela amehlo, iziphumo ezimbi emzimbeni womntu; Okwesibini kukuzinza, kuba izithako kwisepha zininzi, ukuzinza kwe-essence kufuneka kugcinwe phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline, ukuze kungavumeli ukuba ibole kwaye itshintshe umbala, kwaye ayinakudlala indima.