1.Yintoni i-amonia nitrogen?
I-Ammonia Nitrogen ibhekisa kwi-Ammonia kwifom ye-ammonia (okanye i-ionic ye-mon, i-ionia, NH3) okanye i-Ionia ye-Iomia (NH4 +). I-PH ephezulu kunye nenani eliphezulu le-ammonia yasimahla; Ngokuchasene noko, umda wetyiwa ye-Amomoium iphezulu.
I-Ammonia nitrogen yisondlo emanzini, kwaye sinokukhokelela ekucocekeni kwamanzi, kwaye yeyona phajigen engcolileyo engcolisekileyo emanzini, enetyhefu kwintlanzi kunye nezinto eziphilayo.
Eyona njongo iphambili ye-Amomia nitrogen kwi-aquatic ye-aminia i-ammonia, ityhefu kangaka amaxesha amakhulu kunaleyo yetyuwa ye-Amomoium, kwaye yonyuka ngokunyuka kwe-alkalinity. Ityhefu ye-Ammonia Nitrogen inxulumene nexabiso elisondeleyo nexabiso le-pH kunye neqondo lamanzi lamanzi, ngokubanzi, ukuphakamisa ixabiso le-pH kunye neqondo lobushushu lamanzi, eyomeleleyo kakhulu.
Iindlela ezimbini ezikufuphi nezonwabisayo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukumisela i-ammonia yindlela yokuphinda isebenze ye-chasser kunye nendlela ye-phenol-hypoctlorite. Izityholo kunye neendlela zombane zisetyenziselwa ukumisela i-ammonia; Xa umxholo we-ammonian witrogen uphakamileyo, indlela yokuphambanisa iyasetyenziswa. .
I-Titrogesical kunye ne-Nitrojel yeNitrojel
Indlela yokuposa iikhemikhali
Indlela yokungacacacation yekhemikhali, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiMephu yeMephu, kukongeza iMagnesium kunye ne-phosphoric acid okanye i-phosphoric acid okanye i-hydrogen phosphate ukuya kwi-Amonia nitrogen ye-Amonium Magnesis phosphate ye-phosmoium phosphate phosphate phosphate phosphate phosphate phosphatele I-MGNGH4P0P04P04.6h20, ukwenzela ukufezekisa injongo yokususa i-ammonia nitrogen. I-Magnesium Amonium phosphate, ebizwa ngokuba yiStruvsite, inokusetyenziswa njenge-compost, isongezelelo somhlaba okanye umlilo ubuyisela kwimveliso yesakhiwo. Indlela yokuphendula imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Mg ++ Nh4 + + Po4 - = MGGH4P04
Ezona zinto ziphambili ezichaphazela isiphumo sonyango lwexabiso lezikhewu, iqondo lobushushu, i-Ammonia Nitrogen Gxibelelayo kunye ne-Molar Citrogen Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa ixabiso le-PH liyi-10 kunye ne-molar ratio ye-magnesium, i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus ngu-1.2: 1: 1.2, isiphumo sonyango singcono.
Ukusebenzisa i-magnesium chloride kunye ne-hydrogen hydrogen phosphate njengeemeko zonyango, iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ixabiso le-PH lingcono xa ixabiso le-PHEMINISE li-Itnesium, i-phosphoges ngu-1.2: 1: 1.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-MGC12 + i-na3po4.123h20 iphezulu kakhulu kwezinye iindidi zearhente ezikhoyo. Xa ixabiso le-pH liyi-10.0, iqondo lobushushu ngu-30 ℃, NG +
Indlela yokuqinisa iikhemikhali kunye nendlela ye-membrane ye-willrane yadityaniswa ngonyango lwemizi-mveliso ye-Ammonian yeShishini ye-Nitrogen. Phantsi kwemiqathango yenkqubo yokuphendulwa, inqanaba lokukhupha le-Ammonia nitrogen lifikile kwi-98.1%, kwaye emva koko indlela yokufikelela kwifilimu ye-Ammonia incitshisiwe kwi-0.005g / L, ukufikelela kwinqanaba lodidi lwesizwe lokuqala.
Isiphumo sokususa ii-ions zentsimbi (Nni +,, ZN +, FU + ngaphandle kwe-MG + kwi-Amomia nitroged phantsi kwesenzo se-phosphate saphandwa. Inkqubo entsha ye-Camo4 yemephu ye-Casso4 icetywayo ye-Ammonium Calwoate. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba umlawuli wemveli we-NAOH emveli unokutshintshwa yi-lime.
Inzuzo yendlela yokudlulisela iikhemikhali kukuba xa uxinzelelo lwamanzi amdaka akwa-Ammonian iphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ze-pherlor, indlela yokwahlulahlula i-phernesi, indlela yokwahlulahlula i-phend. Ukunyanzeliswa kwempumelelo yendlela yokubonisa iikhemikhali kungcono, kwaye akupheleli kubushushu, kwaye okusebenzayo kulula. I-sludge edlule equkethe i-magnesium ye-magnesium ye-phosphate i-phosphate ye-phosphate engasetyenziswanga ukusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma, oko kukuthintela inxenye yeendleko; Ukuba inokudityaniswa namashishini athile anemizi-mveliso evelisa amanzi amdaka akwi-phosphate kunye namashishini avelisa i-brine yetyuwa, anokugcina iindleko zamachiza kwaye aququzelele isicelo esikhulu.
Ukungancedisi kwendlela yokuqikelela iikhemikhali kukuba ngenxa yokuthintelwa kwemveliso ye-Ammobium magnesis phosphate phosphaim, emva kokuba i-Amonia nitrogen ifikelela kwaye indleko zokufaka ziyanda kakhulu. Ke ngoko, indlela yokuthintela ikhemikhali kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo nezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunyango oluphambili. Isixa sokuphinda sisetyenziswe sikhulu, i-Sludge evelisiweyo inkulu, kwaye iindleko zonyango ziphezulu. Ukuqaliswa kwe-ion ye-chloride kunye ne-phosphoruor ye-phosphorius ngexesha lodongwe lweekhemikhali kunokulungela ngokulula ungcoliseko lwesibini.
I-Houminum Alumnum I-SulfAud kunye noMboneleli | Iblobbright (cnchemist.com)
I-Wholesale Dibasic Sodium Uveliso Phosphate Phosphate noMthengisi | Iblobbright (cnchemist.com)
Indlela yokufowunela
Ukususwa kwe-ammonia nitrogen ngendlela yokuqhushumba kukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-Alkaline, ukuze i-amonia i-ammonia ikhutshelwe igesi ye-amonia, ukufezekisa injongo yokususa i-ammonia nitrogen. Ezona zinto ziphambili ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwexabiso le-pH, ubushushu, igesi-ireyithi, ireyithi yokuhamba kwegesi, uxinzelelo lokuqala kunye nokunye. Okwangoku, indlela yokuvuthuza isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi amdaka ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-Ammonia nitrogen.
Ukususwa kwe-Ammonia Nitrogen ukusuka kwi-Laachall Leiachate ngendlela evuthuzayo kwakufundwa. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba izinto eziphambili zokulawula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvuthwe ubushushu, igesi-igesi kunye nexabiso le-pH. Xa ubushushu bamanzi bungaphezulu kwe-2590, umlinganiso wegesi-igesi imalunga ne-3500, kwaye i-PH imalunga ne-10.5, umyinge wokususa ungafikelela ngaphezulu kwe-Amonia nitrogen i-2000-4000g / l. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa i-PH = 11.5, ukubetha kobushushu yi-80cc kunye nexesha lokususa li-120min, inqanaba lokukhupha i-Ammonia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka anokufikelela kwi-99.2%.
Ukuvuthuza-sebenza ngokufumana amandla okufumana amanzi amdaka aphezulu ye-Amonia Nitrogen yenziwa ngenqaba evuthiweyo. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvuthuza kunyuke ngokunyuka kwexabiso le-pH. Umyinge ophezulu wegesi, owona mkhulu wokudluliselwa kwe-Ammoniian Strikes ubunzima, kwaye ukuntywila ukusebenza ngokukuko kwakonyuka.
Ukususwa kwe-Ammonia Nitrogen ngendlela yokuvuthelwa kuyasebenza, kulula ukusebenza kwaye kulula ukuyilawula. I-ammonia ye-ammonia nitrogen inokusetyenziswa njenge-absurber ene-acid ye-sulfuric acid, kwaye i-Sulfuric Acid Imali inokusetyenziswa njengesichumisi. Indlela yokuvuthuza yitekhnoloji esetyenziswayo yokususwa kwe-nitrojel yomzimba kunye neekhemikhali okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokuvuthuza inezinto ezilungeleleneyo, ezifana nokuqhekeka rhoqo kwi-rove-off tower, i-ammonia nitrojel yokususa ephantsi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, kunye nongcoliseko lwesibini olubangelwa yigesi. Indlela yokuvuthuza idityaniswa ngokubanzi nezinye iindlela zokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka ze-Ammonian zokuhlaselwa kwendlela yokutshintsha amanzi amdaka aphezulu.
I-③break inqaku le-chilorition
Indlela yokususwa kwe-Ammonia ngokususwa kwe-pherrine ye-pherine yerhasi ye-chlorine igesi, kwaye i-N2 inyuse kwimozulu, esenza umthombo wokuphendula uqhubeke ngasekunene. Ifomula yokuphendula yile:
HOCL NH4 + 1.5 -> 0.5 H + H + H L ++ Cl-1.5 + 2.5 + 1.5)
Xa igesi ye-chlorine idluliselwa emanzini amdaka ukuya kwinqaku elithile, umxholo we-chlorine yasimahla emanzini iphantsi, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-ammonia yi-zero. Xa isixa segesi ye-chlorine sidlula kwinqanaba, isixa se-chlorine yasimahla emanzini siya kunyuka, ke, inqaku libizwa ngokuba yindawo ye-furrin, kwaye i-chlorin kule ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yi-hloritor ye-chilorition.
Indlela yokuqalisa i-pherinetion ye-chlorition isetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka athambileyo emva kokubetha kwe-ammonia nitrogen, kwaye isiphumo sonyango sichatshazelwa ngokuthe ngqo yinkqubo yokuvuthuza i-Ammonia Nitrogen. Xa i-70% ye-ammonia nitrogen kwimimandla engcolileyo isuswe yinkqubo yokuvutha kwaye emva koko inyangwe yi-pherrition ye-pheriting, i-amonia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka ingaphantsi kwe-15mg / l. Zhang Shengli et al. Yathatha amanzi amdaka e-Ammonian nge-100mg / i-Itrone yophando echaphazela i-Ammonian Hypochlorire yayiyi-Amomine ye-Ammonia nitrogen, kunye nexabiso le-pH.
Indlela yokuqalisa i-pheriftion ye-pheright inomgangatho ophezulu we-nitrogen, umyinge wokukhupha unokufikelela nge-100%, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-ammonia kumanzi amdaka lunokuncitshiswa kwi-zero. Isiphumo sizinzile kwaye singachaphazeli kubushushu; Isixhobo esincinci sotyalo-mali, ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphendula; Inefuthe le-sterilization kunye nokubulali kumzimba wamanzi. Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kwendlela ye-pherlor ye-pherition yeyokuba amanzi amdaka akwa-Ammonian ingaphantsi kwe-40mg / l, ngenxa yendlela yokwaphula i-chlorin esetyenziselwa amanzi amdaka amaninzi. Imfuneko yokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokugcina kuphezulu, iindleko zonyango ziphezulu, kwaye iimveliso ze-chloramines kunye nezinto eziphilayo ziya kubangela ungcoliseko lwesibini.
Indlela ye-OXcalytitic
Indlela yokuthatha i-Oxiolytitic isebenzisa inyathelo le-catalyst, phantsi kobushushu obuthile kunye noxinzelelo, ngokusebenzisa i-oxidation ye-oxidon, i-onmonic kunye ne-ammonia kwi-CO2, N2 kunye ne-H2O, ukufezekisa injongo yokucocwa.
The factors affecting the effect of catalytic oxidation are catalyst characteristics, temperature, reaction time, pH value, ammonia nitrogen concentration, pressure, stirring intensity and so on.
Inkqubo yokonakaliswa kwe-omonia nitrogen yafundwa. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba xa ixabiso le-PH linyukile, uhlobo lwe-Hicical enobuchule be-oxidation olunamandla, kwaye izinga le-oxidation lakhawuleziswa kakhulu. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba i-ozone inokubangela i-Ammonia nitrogen ukuya e-Nitragen ukuya no-Nitrate ukuya kwi-nitrate. Ukugxininiswa kwe-ammonia nitrogen kumanzi kuyancipha ngokunyuka kwexesha, kunye nenqanaba lokukhupha le-Ammonia nitrogen limalunga ne-82%. I-CUO-MN02-CE02 isetyenziswe njengeyona nto iphambili yokunyanga amanzi amdaka akwa-Ammonian. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba umsebenzi we-oxidation of Spostial osandul 'ukuphuculwa, kwaye iimeko ezifanelekileyo ze-255 ℃, 4.2. Kwimpatho ye-Ammonia Nitrogen Winderwam ngokuxinana kwe-1023mg / L, inqanaba lokukhuphela i-Amomia nitrogen linokufikelela kwi-98% kwi-150min, ifikelela kwinqanaba leSizwe (i-50mg / l).
The catalytic performance of zeolite supported TiO2 photocatalyst was investigated by studying the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen in sulfuric acid solution. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-dosage efanelekileyo ye-TI02 / ifoto ye-Zeolite yi-1.5g / L kunye nexesha lokuphendula yi-4h ngaphantsi koradiation. Inqanaba lokukhupha le-ammonia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka anokufikelela kwi-98.92%. Isiphumo sokuphelisa i-iron ephezulu kunye ne-nano-chin diokside phantsi kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kwi-phenol kunye ne-ammonia nitrogen yafundwa. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba inqanaba lokukhupha le-Ammonia Nitrogen liyi-97.5% xa isisombululo se-Ammonia Nitrogen ngokuxinana kwe-50mg / l, eyi-22.5% ephezulu kune-biogime yentsimbi yedwa.
Indlela yokuthambisa i-Omeration ineengenelo zokuhlambulula okuphezulu, inkqubo elula, indawo encinci esezantsi, kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka aphezulu. Ubunzima bokwenza isicelo yindlela yokuthintela ukuphulukana nokukhuselwa kwesizathu kunye nokukhuselwa kwezixhobo.
Indlela ye-oxidation ye-⑤ectrochemication
Indlela ye-ofisi ye-elektrochemication ibhekisa kwindlela yokususa ingcoliseko emanzini ngokusebenzisa i-electroOCidation ngomsebenzi. Izinto eziphathwayo zingogoso lwangoku, ireyithi ye-inlet yokuqhuba, ixesha lokuphuma kunye nexesha lesisombululo senqaku.
I-ofisi ye-elektroniki ye-Ammonian-nitrogen kwiseli ejikelezayo ye-elektrolyting ifundwe, apho i-TI / ru02-i-IT02-I-IT02 i-IT02 ye-TI i-TI yenethiwekhi. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa i-ion ye-chloride ion yi-400mg / L, i-Ammonia yokuqala ye-40mg ingama-2000ml / cm, kwaye i-Ammonian Timevage i-99.37%. Ibonisa ukuba i-ofisirolytrolytitic oxiation ye-ammonia-nitrogen ithemba elifanelekileyo.
I-3. I-biochemical nitrogen
①it theit
Ukuqinisekiswa kwenkqubo yokuqhubela phambili kunye nokuncipha luhlobo lwendlela yebhayoloji esetyenziswe ngokubanzi ixesha elide okwangoku. Iguqula i-Ammonia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka kwi-nitrogen ngothotho lwezinto ezisemthethweni kunye nokuncitshiswa phantsi kwesenzo see-microorganism ezahlukeneyo, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yonyango lwamanzi amdaka. Inkqubo yokufihla kunye nokuncitshiswa ukususa i-ammonia nitrogen kufuneka ihambe ngeendlela ezimbini:
Indlela yokuphendula yeNet Kwimeko ye-aerobic, i-inorganic nitrogen isetyenziswa njengoMthombo we-nitrogen oza kuguqula uNh4 + ukuya kuNo2-, kwaye emva koko i-oxidid kuNo3-. Inkqubo yokuqhelaniswa inokwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba amabini. Kwinqanaba lesibini, i-nitrite iguqulwa ibe yi-Nitrate (i-No3-) ngokulungisa intsholongwane, kwaye i-nitrite iguqulwa ibe yi-Nitrate (No3-) ngokulungiselela iintsholongwane.
Indlela yokuDefititritication Reaction: Ukuphendula okuNgenileyo yinkqubo apho intsholongwane inciphise i-nitragen nitrogen nitrogen nitrogen Nitrogen (N2) kwi-hypoxia. I-bacteria eyakhayo yi-heterotrophic microorganis, uninzi lwabantu abakwi-amucteria. Kwimeko ye-hypoxia, basebenzisa ioksijini kwi-wibin ye-elektronte kunye nempahla ye-organic (icandelo le-Onlic kwi-Showatrone) njenge-Elesan Asnence ukubonelela ngamandla kwaye axhonywe.
Yonke inkqubo yokuziqhelanisa nezicelo zobunjineli ikakhulu ziquka i-AO, i-A2O, i-oxidation shatch, njl njl.
Yonke into yokuqiqa kunye nendlela yokudlela iyonke inezibonelelo zokusebenza ezinzileyo, ukusebenza okulula, akukho longcoliseko lwesibini kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Le ndlela ikwanazo ezinye iingxaki, ezinjengomthombo wekhabhoni kufuneka wongezwe xa i-C / n Inqanaba eliphantsi, kwaye isebenze iphantsi, kwaye inesidingo se-quygen inkulu, kwaye kufuneka isuswe ngaphambi kwendlela yendalo. Ukongeza, ukugxininiswa okuphezulu kwe-Ammonia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka aneziphumo ezibhaliweyo kwinkqubo ye-nit. Ke ngoko, ukutshata kuya kwenziwa ngaphambi konyango lwamanzi amdaka aphezulu eAmunian ukwenzela ukuba i-Amonia Winder Water Winder Winder Water iphantsi kwe-500mg / l. Indlela yendalo yemveli ilungele ukuphathwa kwe-Amomia ye-Amonia Nitrogen enomthi ophilayo onesibalo sezinto eziphilayo, ezinje ngotywala basekhaya, amanzi amdaka asekhemiya, njl.
I-zurtical ye-②it-tion kunye ne-denitrating (SN)
Xa intetho kunye nokuncipha kwenziwe kunye kwindawo efana ne-reactoctor efanayo, kubizwa ngokuba kukuDibanisa ukuKhangela ngaxeshanye (i-SND). Ioksijini echithwe kumanzi amdaka inomda wenqanaba le-disminali ukuvelisa i-biodial ye-bibbial radial kwi-racial floc floc okanye i-biofilm ilungele i-aerobic equngquthele intsholongwane kunye ne-amofilm. Inzulu kwi-floc okanye i-membrane, iphantsi kweoksijini echithwe ioksijini, ekhokelela kwindawo enetyhefu apho intsholongwane ilawula khona. Ngaloo ndlela senza umtya wenkqubo kunye nenkqubo yokungena. Izinto ezichaphazela ukugaya kwangaxeshanye kunye nokuncitshiswa kwexabiso le-PH, iqondo lobushushu, ialkality, umthombo we-organic, inyibilikisi yeoksijini kunye nobudala be-sludgen.
Ukuguqulwa kwengqondo ngaxeshanye / ukuncipha kwaoko kwakukhona kwi-carroudel divch fitch, kunye nokuxinana kweoksijini phakathi kwe-Impley ye-Aepen kwi-Oxidition ye-Anerolly Dectsed ngokuthe chu ephantsi kwe-oxidation ye-carroudon yayingaphantsi kwenxalenye ephezulu. Ukuqulunqwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nitronen nitrogen kwinxalenye nganye yejelo iphantse ilingane, kwaye ukugxininiswa kwe-Amonia nitrogen kwijelo lihlala liphantsi, ebonisa ukuba i-tittical kunye nendawo yokuDnelana iyenzeka ngaxeshanye kwijelo le-axidel.
Isifundo kunyango lwe-lourec lotyhefu libonisa ukuba ukuphakama kwe-CODCR, kokukhona ugqibezela ukuncipha kunye nokususwa kwe-TN. Iziphumo zeoksijini echithekileyo kwi-winkori nganye kunye nokungena kuhle. Xa ioksijini echithiweyo ilawulwa nge-0.5 ~ 2mg / l, isiphumo esipheleleyo se-nitrogen silungile. Kwangelo xesha, indlela yokuthintela kunye nendlela yokuthintela isindisa irektolo, ifutshane, isebenzisa amandla aphantsi, igcina utyalomali, kwaye kulula ukugcina ixabiso le-pH lizinzile.
Uluhlu lwe-③short-Uluhlu lokuDibanisa kunye nokuDibanisa
Kumgangatho ofanayo, i-Ammonia oxiping Bacteria isetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-Ammonia ukuya kwi-Nitic, kwaye emva koko i-nitric inqambile ngokuvelisa i-nitrogen ye-etrogen kunye ne-cornron yomxhasi phantsi kweemeko ze-elektroni. Izinto ezinefuthe kwi-wimit-tions kunye ne-Devitritsisocity iqondo lobushushu, i-ammonia yasimahla, ixabiso le-pH kunye neoksijini.
Iziphumo zobushushu kwi-titoring ye-futshane ye-wiminage kaMasipala ngaphandle kwamanzi olwandle kunye nolwandle lukamasipala ngama-30% olwandle amanzi. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba: kulwakhiwo lwasemasipala ngaphandle kwamanzi olwandle, ukwandisa amaqondo obushushu kuyasebenza ukuze kufezekiswe ukubekwa kwezithintelo ezifutshane. Xa ilinani lamanzi olwandle kulwakhiwo lwasekhaya lingama-30%, ukudityaniswa kwenkululeko nje-mfutshane kunokufezekiswa ngcono phantsi kweemeko zobume beqondo lobushushu eziphakathi. IYunivesithi yaseDeftt yeTekhnoloji yenkqubo yeSharon, ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu (malunga ne-30 ukuya kwengama-30 ukuya kwengama-30090) kuyasebenza kukhuphiswano lwe-Nitteria, ukuze i-Nitteria iphulukene nolwahlulo lwe-nitrite, ukuze intshayelelo ye-Nitteria, ukuze intshayelelo ye-nitteria.
Ngokusekwe kumahluko kwi-oxygen emanyanini phakathi kwe-nitteria kunye ne-nitteria, i-nitteria ye-neabhoratri ye-eOland yokufezekisa ioksijini yeoksijini yokuphelisa i-beitteria.
Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-Pilot zonyango lwamanzi amdaka ngokuhamba-hlulo kunye nokuncipha komdaniso, i-Amonia Nitrogen, i-Amomia nitrogen, i-Amomia nitrogen, i-thn kunye ne-phenol yoxinzelelo ngu-197.1,181.5 kwaye I-0.4mg / l, ngokwahlukeneyo. Amazinga ahambelanayo ayi-83.6%, i-97.2%, i-66.4% ne-99.6%, ngokulandelelana.
Inkqubo ye-wimit-i-wimithiwekhi kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla ayihambi kwinqanaba le-nitrate, igcina umthombo wekhabhoni oyifunayo kwi-witrogen ye-bitrogen. Inezibonelelo ezithile ze-Ammonia Nitrogen Winder Winder of C / n Ratio. I-Mfutshane -itharithi ye-Gecriting kunye nokuDena iyoncedo lokungaphantsi kweSalludge, ixesha elifutshane kunye nokugcina ivolumu yokuphendula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqiqa okufutshane kunye nokuncipha kufuna ukuqokelelwa okuzinzileyo kunye nokuhlala okungapheliyo, ngenxa yoko indlela yokuthintela ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi ohlanganisayo waba yibacteria iba sisitshixo.
④ I-Anaerobic Ammobia Oxidation
I-Anaerobic Ammixidation I-Ammoxidic ye-Anaerobic yinkqubo yokuthi ngqo-oxidation ye-ammonia nitrogen kwi-nitrovisi ye-autotterrophia phantsi kwe-hypoxia phantsi kwe-hypoxia, enesitromiti i-enitron njenge-elektroni.
Iziphumo zobushushu kunye ne-PH kwi-biology ye-anammox zafundwa. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu asanduluka angama-30 ℃ kunye nexabiso eli-pH yayingu-7.8. Ukunokwenzeka kwe-Anaerobic Ammox Reactor yokunyanga i-sininity ephezulu kunye namanzi amdaka aphezulu e-nitrogen. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-saltiney ephezulu ye-amommox engathintelwanga, kwaye le meko yayiyimpazamo. Umsebenzi we-Amerobic Ammox we-sludge engapheliyo yayingama-67,5% ephantsi kune-sludge yolawulo phantsi kwe-slunge ye-30G.L-1 (NC1). Umsebenzi we-anammox we-sludge evunyiweyo yayingama-45.1% asezantsi kunelo lolawulo. Xa i-sludge ekhutshiweyo idluliselwe kwimozulu ye-ininotity ephezulu ukuya kwindalo ephantsi ye-inatity (Akukho brner), umsebenzi weAmerobic Ammox wanyuswa nge-43.1%. Nangona kunjalo, ireferensi ixhaphakile ekusebenzeni kwehla xa ibaleka i-sanatity ephezulu ixesha elide.
Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yemveli yemveli, i-Anaerobic Ammox yitekhnoloji ye-nitrogen ye-bitbogen engaphezulu ye-nitrogen engenamsebenzi eyongezelelweyo, imfuno ephantsi, akukho sidingo sokuphinda sibe nemveliso, kwaye i-sludge yemveliso encinci. Izinto ezingalunganga zeAmerobic ze-Amerobic kukuba isantya sokuphendula siyacotha, umthamo we-reccon ubukhulu be-Amerobic Ammox, onokubaluleka okusebenzayo ngokusombulula i-amonian biodeerdage.
4. Ukususwa kwenkqubo ye-adsorgen nitrogen
Indlela yokwahlulahlula-hlula
Indlela yokwahlulahlula i-membrane kukusebenzisa ukwenziwa kwe-membrane yokukhetha i-membrane yokwahlulahlulahlulahlulahlula ulwelo, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo ye-Amomia nitrogen. Kubandakanya ukuguqula i-osmosis, i-nanofillication, i-ofisi kancinane kunye ne-electrodialysis. Izinto ezichaphazela ukwahlulwa kwe-membrane ziimpawu ze-membrane, uxinzelelo okanye i-voltage, ixabiso le-pH, ubushushu kunye ne-Ammonia nitrogen.
Ngokomgangatho wamanzi we-Ammonia Nitrogen Winderward ikhutshwe ngumhlaba onqabileyo weSmelter, i-Osser Preine yovavanyo yenziwa nge-NH4C1 kunye ne-NAAC ye-Nacit1 kunye ne-Nacie ad Water Water. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, ukubuyela umva kwe-osmosis kunenqanaba eliphezulu lokukhupha i-NACCI, ngelixa i-NHCL ineqondo eliphezulu lemveliso. Inqanaba lokukhupha i-NH4C1 yi-77.3% emva kokubuyela umva kwe-osmosis, enokusetyenziswa ngokutsha komlomo we-Ammonian Will. Ukubuyela umva kwe-OSmois kunokusindisa amandla, uzinzo oluhle, kodwa ukumelana noChlorine, ukuchasana nongcoliseko akulunganga.
Inkqubo ye-biochemical ye-Nanocheillication Membrane ye-Membrane ye-Membrane isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukugcwala komhlaba, ukuze i-85% ye-90% yolwelo oluguqukayo wabuyiselwa kwitanki yenkunkuma. Ozturki et al. I-LEACACE YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA KWI-ONERKE I-Turkey nge-nanofillication membrane, kunye nenqanaba lokukhupha le-Ammonia nitrogen yayimalunga nama-72%. I-nanofilling membrane ifuna uxinzelelo olusezantsi kunokutshintsha i-osmos ye-osmosis, kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
I-Ammonia-isuse inkqubo ye-membrane isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye ne-ammonia nitrogen. I-ammonia nitrogen emanzini inemali eseleyo: NH4- + Oh- = nh3 + i-HOMA-ARDE-ARDE-enamanzi ahamba kwimodyuli yemodyuli yemodyuli yemodyuli. Xa i-PH yamanzi amdaka inyuka okanye iqondo lobushushu liya kutshintsha ngasekunene, kwaye i-Amomoium ion nh4- iba yigesi yasimahla NH3. Ngeli xesha, i-Gaseus NH3 inokungena kwinqanaba le-acid lokufula i-acid yokufakelwa kwi-fible ye-fiber kwi-fiber ye-fiber, ethatyathwa sisisombululo kwaye ngoko nangoko i-Ionic NH4-. Gcina i-PH yamanzi amdaka ngaphezulu kwe-10, kunye neqondo lokushisa ngaphezulu kwe-35 ° C (ngezantsi kwe-50 ° C), ukuze i-NH4 kwinqanaba lokufudukela kwamanzi elinamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, uxinzelelo lwe-ammonia nitrogen kwicala lamanzi elinamanzi angcolileyo linciphile ngokuqhubekayo. Isigaba se-acid yokufunxa, kuba i-AID kuphela kwaye i-NH4-, yenze ityuwa ecocekileyo ye-Ammonium, kwaye ifikelela kuxinzelelo oluthile emva kokujikeleza okuqhubekayo, okunokuphinda kusetyenzwe. Kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa kwale teknoloji kunokusiphucula kakhulu inqanaba lokukhupha i-Amomia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka, kwelinye icala, kunganciphisa indleko zokusebenza kwenkqubo yamanzi amdaka.
Indlela ye-②ectrodialysis
I-electrodialysis yindlela yokususa izinyibilikisi ezichithiweyo kwizisombululo ze-ACTECT ngokusebenzisa i-voltage phakathi kwezibini ze-membrane. Phantsi kwesenzo sevoti, i-Amomia i-ion kunye nezinye ii-Ions kwi-Ammonian-nitrogen Witwroges zityhutywe i-memone kwi-ambrane enamanzi ane-ammonia, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokususwa.
Indlela ye-electrodialysis yayisetyenziselwa ukuphatha amanzi amdaka anoorganic ngokuxinezeleka okuphezulu kwe-ammonia nitrogen kwaye kufezekisile iziphumo ezilungileyo. I-2000-3-3000mg / l Ammonia nitrogen Winderwam, iqondo lokukhupha le-Ammonia Nitrogen lingaphezulu kwe-85%, kwaye amanzi amdaka achaphazelekayo inokufunyanwa nge-8.9%. Isixa sombane esidliwayo ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-electrodialysis ihambelana nenani le-Amomia nitrogen kumanzi amdaka. Unyango lwe-electrodialysis lwamanzi amdaka abuphelelwanga ngexabiso le-pH, ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye kulula ukusebenza.
Izibonelelo zokunikezelwa kwe-membrane zibuyiselwe ngaphezulu kwe-ammonia nitrogen, ukusebenza ngokulula, isiphumo sonyango esizinzileyo kwaye akukho longcoliseko lwesibini. Nangona kunjalo, kunyango lwamanzi amdaka aphezulu e-Amonian, ngaphandle kwe-membrane ebiyintloko, amanye ama-memranes kulula ukukhulula kunye ne-clog, kunye nokukhulisa indleko kunye nokunyuka kwexabiso le-nyango. Ke ngoko, le ndlela ilungele ngakumbi ukuphindezela okanye i-Amonia ephantsi ye-Amonian yeWitrogen.
Indlela yokutshintshiselana
Indlela yokutshintshiselana ye-ion yindlela yokususa i-ammonia nitrogen ukusuka kumanzi amdaka ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ngokhetho oluqinileyo lwe-ammonia ion. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ze-adsorption ezisetyenziswayo ze-carbon esebenzayo, i-zeolite, montmorillonite yaza yatshintsha i-resin. U-Zeolite uluhlobo lwe-silico-alquinate enesakhiwo esineendawo ezintathu, ulwakhiwo lwe-pore oqhelekileyo kunye ne-COREOPOPTINATION ye-AMONIA LEOSKELWENI INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA KAKHULU KWI-AMONIA LEORKER YAMANDLA AMANDLA AMABANDLA. Izinto ezichaphazela isiphumo sonyango lwePlioptilolite zibandakanya ubungakanani be-pasticle, ziphembelela uxinzelelo lwe-Amonia Nitrogen, ixesha lokunxibelelana, ixabiso le-pH kunye nexesha.
Isiphumo se-adsorption sanguolite kwi-Ammonia nitrogen siyabonakala, ilandelwa nguRite, kwaye ifuthe lomhlaba kunye ne-ceramisite lihlwempuzekile. Eyona ndlela iphambili yokususa i-ammonia nitrogen evela ku-zeolite itshintshiselwano, kwaye isiphumo somzimba sincinci kakhulu. Isiphumo sokutshintshiselana nge-ion ye-ceramite, umhlaba kunye ne-diate iyafana nefuthe lokwamkelwa komzimba. Umthamo we-adsorction weminqubana emine inciphile ngokunyuka kweqondo lobushushu kuluhlu lwe-15-35 ℃, kwaye lonyuswe ngexabiso le-PH kuluhlu lwe-3-9. I-Adsorction Equilibrium yafikelela emva kwe-6h osfoll.
Ukuba nakho ukususa i-ammonia nitrogen ukusuka kwi-Leachate Leacute ye-Zeolite yafundwa. Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba iigram nganye zakwaZeolite zinolwazi lwe-adsorption of i-15,5mg ammonia nitrogen, kwaye phantsi kwe-Amonia ye-Ammonia ifikelela kwi-Ammonia ifikelela kwi-Ammonie, i-Ammoniie ye-Ammonie, kwaye iphezulu Inokwenzeka i-zeolite njenge-adsorblent ukususa i-ammonia nitrogen evela kwiLeacute. Kwangelo xesha, kuchaziwe ukuba inqanaba le-Adsorption ye-Ammonia nitrogen ngu-zeolite iphantsi, kwaye kunzima ukuba uZeolite akwazi ukufikelela kumthamo we-adsorn of skerntion on of Storsortion on.
Isiphumo sokususa kwebhedi ye-biologite ye-biologite kwi-nitrogen, i-COD kunye nabanye abangcolisekileyo kwilali yelali yelali yelali yafundwa. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba inqanaba lokukhupha i-Ammonia Nitrogen ebhedini ye-zeolite lingaphezulu kwe-95%, kwaye ukususwa kwe-nitrogen ye-nitrogen kuchaphazeleka kakhulu yi-hydragen ixesha lokuhlala.
Indlela yokutshintshiselana i-ion ineengenelo zotyalo-mali oluncinci, inkqubo elula, utyando olulula, ukungakhathali kwityhefu kunye nobushushu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kuka-Zeolite ngokubuyiselwa kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, xa unyanga amanzi amdaka aphezulu e-Amon nitrogen, ukurenta rhoqo, okuzisa ukungahambi kakuhle ekusebenzeni, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka kudityaniswe nezinye iindlela zonyango lwe-Amonia, okanye zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga amanzi amdaka aphezulu.
I-Wholestale 4a u-Zeolite uMvelisi kunye nomthengisi | Iblobbright (cnchemist.com)
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJUL-10-2024
