Isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kwePAC kunyango lwamanzi kwiziko lamandla obushushu

1. Unyango lwangaphambili lwamanzi okwakheka

Imizimba yamanzi yendalo ihlala iqulethe udaka, udongwe, i-humus kunye nezinye izinto ezimisiweyo kunye nokungcola kwe-colloidal kunye neebhaktheriya, i-fungi, i-algae, i-virus kunye nezinye ii-microorganisms, zinozinzo oluthile emanzini, yimbangela ephambili yokungcola kwamanzi, umbala kunye nevumba.Ezi zinto zigqithisileyo ze-organic zingena kwi-ion exchanger, zingcolise i-resin, zinciphisa umthamo wotshintshiselwano we-resin, kwaye zide zichaphazele umgangatho wamanzi wenkqubo yokukhupha ityuwa.Ukunyangwa kwe-coagulation, ukucaciswa kwe-settlement kunye nonyango lokucoca kukususa ezi zinto zingcolileyo njengeyona njongo iphambili, ukwenzela ukuba umxholo wezinto ezimisiweyo emanzini uyancipha ube ngaphantsi kwe-5mg / L, oko kukuthi, ukufumana amanzi acacisiweyo.Oku kubizwa ngokuba kunyango lwamanzi.Emva kokulungiswa kwangaphambili, amanzi anokusetyenziswa njengamanzi ebhoyila kuphela xa iityuwa ezinyibilikileyo emanzini zisuswa ngokutshintshiselana kwe-ion kwaye iigesi ezinyibilikileyo emanzini zisuswa ngokufudumeza okanye ukutshiza okanye ukuvuthela.Ukuba ezi zinto zingcolileyo azisuswanga kuqala, unyango olulandelayo (i-desalting) alunakwenziwa.Ngoko ke, unyango lwe-coagulation lwamanzi luyikhonkco elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi.

Inkqubo yonyango lwangaphambili lweplanti yamandla eshushu imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: amanzi akrwada → ukujiya → imvula kunye nokucaciswa → ukuhluzwa.I-coagulants esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokudibanisa i-polyaluminium chloride, i-polyferric sulfate, i-aluminium sulfate, i-ferric trichloride, njl. Oku kulandelayo kwazisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyaluminium chloride.

I-Polyaluminium chloride, ebizwa ngokuba yi-PAC, isekelwe kwi-aluminiyam uthuthu okanye i-aluminiyam izimbiwa njengezinto eziluhlaza, kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluthile kunye ne-alkali kunye ne-aluminium reaction eveliswe i-polymer, izinto eziluhlaza kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa yahlukile, iinkcukacha zemveliso azifani.Ifomula yemolekyuli yePAC [Al2(OH)nCI6-n]m, apho u-n inokuba yiyo nayiphi na inani elipheleleyo phakathi ko-1 no-5, kunye no-m yinani elipheleleyo leqela le-10. I-PAC iza kuzo zombini iimo eziqinileyo nezilulwelo.

2.Indlela yokudibanisa

Kukho iziphumo ezintathu eziphambili ze-coagulants kwiincinci ze-colloidal emanzini: ukungathathi hlangothi kombane, i-adsorption bridging kunye nokutshayela.Yiyiphi kwezi ziphumo zintathu eyona iphambili ixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nomthamo we-coagulant, ubunjani kunye nomxholo we-colloidal particles emanzini, kunye nexabiso le-pH yamanzi.Indlela yokusebenza ye-polyaluminium chloride ifana ne-aluminium sulfate, kwaye ukuziphatha kwe-aluminium sulfate emanzini kubhekisela kwinkqubo ye-Al3 + yokuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hydrolyzed.

I-Polyaluminium chloride inokuthathwa njengemveliso eyahlukeneyo ephakathi kwinkqubo ye-hydrolysis kunye ne-polymerization ye-aluminium chloride kwi-Al (OH) 3 phantsi kweemeko ezithile.Ikhona ngokuthe ngqo emanzini ngendlela yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zepolymeric kunye ne-A1 (OH) a (s), ngaphandle kwenkqubo ye-hydrolysis ye-Al3 +.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kunye neempembelelo

1. Ubushushu bamanzi

Ubushushu bamanzi bunempembelelo ebonakalayo kwisiphumo sonyango lwe-coagulation.Xa ubushushu bamanzi buphantsi, i-hydrolysis ye-coagulant inzima ngakumbi, ngakumbi xa ubushushu bamanzi bungaphantsi kwe-5 ℃, izinga le-hydrolysis licotha, kwaye i-flocculant eyenziwe inesakhiwo esikhululekile, umxholo ophezulu wamanzi kunye namasuntswana amahle.Xa ubushushu bamanzi buphantsi, ukunyibilika kwe-colloidal particles kuphuculwe, ixesha le-flocculation lide, kwaye izinga le-sedimentation liyacotha.Uphando lubonisa ukuba ubushushu bamanzi obungama-25 ~ 30℃ bufaneleke ngakumbi.

2. Ixabiso le-pH yamanzi

Inkqubo ye-hydrolysis ye-polyaluminium chloride yinkqubo yokukhululwa okuqhubekayo kwe-H +.Ngoko ke, phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo ze-pH, kuya kubakho i-hydrolysis intermediates eyahlukeneyo, kwaye ixabiso le-pH elihle kakhulu le-polyaluminium chloride coagulation unyango luphakathi kwe-6.5 kunye ne-7.5.Impembelelo ye-coagulation iphezulu ngeli xesha.

3. Umthamo we-coagulant

Xa ubungakanani be-coagulant bongeziweyo bunganelanga, i-turbidity eseleyo kumanzi akhuphayo inkulu.Xa inani likhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba i-colloidal particles emanzini i-adsorb i-coagulant egqithisileyo, ipropati yentlawulo ye-colloidal particles iyatshintsha, okubangela ukuba i-turbidity eseleyo kwi-effluent ikhule kwakhona.Inkqubo ye-coagulation ayiyona into elula yokusabela kweekhemikhali, ngoko ke idosi efunekayo ayinakumiselwa ngokobalo, kodwa kufuneka imiselwe ngokomgangatho othile wamanzi ukugqiba idosi efanelekileyo;Xa umgangatho wamanzi utshintsha ngexesha lonyaka, umthamo kufuneka ulungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo.

4. Umnxibelelanisi woqhagamshelwano

Kwinkqubo yonyango lwe-coagulation okanye olunye unyango lwemvula, ukuba kukho umlinganiselo othile wodaka lodaka emanzini, umphumo wonyango we-coagulation unokuphuculwa kakhulu.Inokubonelela ngommandla omkhulu, ngokusebenzisa i-adsorption, i-catalysis kunye ne-crystallization core, ukuphucula umphumo wonyango lwe-coagulation.

Imvula ye-Coagulation yindlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yokunyanga amanzi okwangoku.Umzi-mveliso we-Polyaluminium chloride usetyenziswa njenge-flocculant yonyango lwamanzi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-coagulant, i-floc enkulu, i-dosage encinci, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, imvula ekhawulezayo, uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo kunye nezinye iingenelo, xa kuthelekiswa nedosi ye-flocculant yendabuko ingancitshiswa nge-1/3 ~ 1 /2, iindleko zingagcinwa 40%.Idityaniswe nokusebenza kwesihluzo esingenavalve kunye nesihluzo sekhabhoni esebenzayo, ukudumba kwamanzi akrwada kuncitshiswe kakhulu, umgangatho wamanzi amdaka wenkqubo yetyuwa uyaphuculwa, nomthamo wokutshintshiselana wentlaka yetyuwa nawo uyanyuswa, kunye neendleko zokusebenza zincitshisiwe.